{
  "abstract": "Comparative impact of proton versus photon irradiation on triple-negative breast cancer: Role of VEGFC in tumour aggressiveness.Dear Editor,In this study, we demonstrated that proton (P) and photon (X) radiotherapies (RT) lead to different molecular changes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Pirradiated tumours tended to make larger tumours, while X-irradiated ones exhibited increased aggressiveness. Both types of radiation increased gene expression related to angiogenesis (blood vessel formation) and lymphangiogenesis (lymph vessel formation), which are associated with more aggressive cancer behaviour. We also found that targeting the lymphangiogenesis-related gene, vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC), alongside either type of RT, could improve the prognosis for TNBC patients.Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer among women. 1 Its aggressive forms, like TNBC, tend to be highly vascularized and often have an increased network of lymphatic vessels, which allows the cancer to metastasize more rapidly. 2 Standard treatment involves with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and RT to target both local and systemic diseases. Despite these treatments, recurrence remains a significant challenge in aggressive forms of BC. 3 Proton therapy, a newer form of RT, offers more precise targeting than conventional X-RT, potentially reducing side effects by narrowing the radiation field. 4 Ongoing clinical trials are investigating whether P-RT might offer advantages over conventional X-RT, as recent research suggests promising advantages. 5 Here, we investigated how irradiation impacts TNBC cell behaviour and their microenvironment, building on our prior study of P-and X-RT effects on head and neck cancer. 6 Specifically, we investigated whether irradiation might inadvertently promote tumour growth by altering cells to release growth factors or cytokines that support tumour survival and progression.To examine these effects, we developed TNBC cell populations (MDAMB231 and BT549) that are resilient to",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 20,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Saharnaz Sarlak"
    },
    {
      "name": "Delphine Marotte"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jessy Sirera"
    },
    {
      "name": "Arthur Karaulic"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alessandra Pierantoni"
    },
    {
      "name": "Meng‐chen Tsai"
    },
    {
      "name": "Roxane Sylvestre"
    },
    {
      "name": "Clement Molina"
    },
    {
      "name": "Arthur Gouraud"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aurélien Bancaud"
    },
    {
      "name": "Béatrice Cambien"
    },
    {
      "name": "Paraskevi Kousteridou"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marie Vidal"
    },
    {
      "name": "Joël Hérault"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jérôme Doyen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maeva Dufies"
    },
    {
      "name": "Florent Morfoisse"
    },
    {
      "name": "Barbara Garmy‐susini"
    },
    {
      "name": "Frédéric Luciano"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gilles Pagès"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/00qaemqf69bqq.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/ctm2.70330",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "00qaemqf69bqq",
  "issns": [
    "2001-1326"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05798907v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.sdv"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|Lymphatic System and Diseases"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4410608301",
  "pdf_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05798907/document",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-05-21",
  "publisher": "Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/00qaemqf69bqq.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:56Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05798907",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05798907v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|Lymphatic System and Diseases",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Comparative impact of proton versus photon irradiation on triple‐negative breast cancer: Role of VEGFC in tumour aggressiveness",
  "title_text": "Comparative impact of proton versus photon irradiation on triple‐negative breast cancer: Role of VEGFC in tumour aggressiveness",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/00qaemqf69bqq",
  "venue": "Clinical and Translational Medicine",
  "versions": []
}