{
  "abstract": "Background: Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve outcomes in heart failure (HF), but baseline characteristics associated with left ventricular (LV) changes after their initiation in routine practice are incompletely defined. Methods: In this retrospective two-centre study, 101 patients with HF (94 HFrEF, 6 HFmrEF, 1 HFpEF) initiating an SGLT2i underwent echocardiography at baseline and 6 months. For the purposes of this study, LV reverse remodelling was defined as a simultaneous reduction in LV end-diastolic (LVEDV) and end-systolic volume (LVESV); LVESV reductions ≥10% and ≥15% were used as stringent definitions. Associations were explored with Firth logistic regression adjusted for age and baseline LVEF. Death or HF hospitalisation after the 6-month visit was analysed in relation to 6-month changes (landmark analysis). Results: Median LVEF increased from 28.8% at baseline to 31.6% at 6 months, and the medians of individual paired changes in LVEDV and LVESV were −13.0% and −16.3% (all p < 0.001). The operational definition was met by 74 patients (73.3%) and an LVESV reduction ≥15% by 56 (55.4%). Higher BMI and larger baseline LVEDV were associated with LV volume reduction, and lower TAPSE with LVEF response, LVESV reduction ≥15% and NYHA improvement. No statistically significant association was observed between 6-month changes in LVEF or LV volumes and subsequent death or HF hospitalisation; confidence intervals were wide. Conclusions: In this uncontrolled cohort, SGLT2i initiation was followed by modest LV volume reduction and a small LVEF increase. These associations are exploratory and hypothesis-generating.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Cardiology Unit, Emergency and Urgency Department, Policlinico Riuniti University Hospital, 71100 Foggia, Italy",
    "Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy",
    "Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy",
    "Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 13,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lucia Tricarico",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4461-1885"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Michele Granatiero",
      "orcid": "0009-0005-3939-1496"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Roberto Licordari",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3185-9240"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Elena Costabile"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ginevra Perconti"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Savino Cafagna",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-1529-1997"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Florinda Rosa Bonanno"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Luca Battisti"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Francesca Delia"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Massimo Iacoviello",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9613-5062"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Natale Daniele Brunetti",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9610-7408"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Giuseppe Dattilo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6681-0183"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Michele Correale",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7863-253X"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/011pw48w75f92.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/jcm15218679",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "011pw48w75f92",
  "issns": [
    "2077-0383"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8679",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-06",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/011pw48w75f92.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-10T00:21:41Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/jcm15218679",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8679"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "journal-openalex:F27",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Changes in Left Ventricular Volumes and Function After Initiation of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients with Heart Failure and Predominantly Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Real-World Echocardiographic Study",
  "title_text": "Changes in Left Ventricular Volumes and Function After Initiation of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients with Heart Failure and Predominantly Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Real-World Echocardiographic Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-10T00:21:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/011pw48w75f92",
  "venue": "Journal of Clinical Medicine",
  "versions": []
}