{
  "abstract": "Dominant models of human lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) organization emphasize broad domain-general zones and smooth functional gradients. However, these models rely on group-averaged neuroimaging, which can obscure fine-scale cortical features in highly inter-individually variable regions such as the LPFC. To address this limitation, we collected a new precision fMRI dataset from 10 individuals, each with approximately 2 h of resting-state fMRI and 6 h of task fMRI data. We mapped individual-specific LPFC networks using resting-state data and tested network-level functional preferences using task data. We found that individual LPFC networks showed fragmented and interdigitated organization compared to the group-averaged networks, including novel conserved motifs present across individuals. Task fMRI revealed that distinct yet adjacent networks support domain-specific processes (i.e., language, social cognition, and episodic projection) versus domain-general cognitive control. Sharp functional boundaries were visible at the individual level that could not be observed in group data. These findings uncover previously hidden fine-scale organizational principles present in the LPFC.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address: zladwig@illinois.edu",
    "Department of Psychology, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA",
    "Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA",
    "Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA",
    "Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA",
    "Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA",
    "Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA",
    "Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neurology/Neuropsychology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA",
    "Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA",
    "Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA",
    "Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Psychology, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA. Electronic address: cgratton@illinois.edu"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 13,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zach Ladwig",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8280-5173"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Kian Z. Kermani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Youngeun Park"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Elena Housteau"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ally Dworetsky"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Nathan Labora"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Joanna J. Hernandez",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-6313-3715"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Megan Dorn",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-9799-7027"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Derek M. Smith",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9917-0127"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Derek Evan Nee",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7858-6871"
    },
    {
      "name": "Steven E. Petersen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8911-3639"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Rodrigo M. Braga",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2671-7096"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Caterina Gratton",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4607-7401"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/01jskxxwv9v5d.bib",
  "cited_by": 18,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.neuron.2026.04.011",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "01jskxxwv9v5d",
  "issns": [
    "0896-6273",
    "1097-4199"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2026.04.011",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
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      "openalex",
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  "pdf_url": "https://www.cell.com/neuron/pdf/S0896-6273(26)00280-1.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC12324188",
  "pmid": "40766701",
  "published": "2026-05-18",
  "publisher": "Cell Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/01jskxxwv9v5d.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:26:53Z",
      "native_id": "W4412721376",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2026.04.011"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2805|Functional Brain Connectivity Studies",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
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  ],
  "title": "Precision fMRI reveals densely interdigitated network patches with conserved motifs in the lateral prefrontal cortex",
  "title_text": "Precision fMRI reveals densely interdigitated network patches with conserved motifs in the lateral prefrontal cortex",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T13:21:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/01jskxxwv9v5d",
  "venue": "Neuron",
  "versions": []
}