{
  "abstract": "The present study aims to predict the density and hardness of copper-graphite composites prepared by powder metallurgy using response surface methodology. Copper-graphite composites were investigated for phase composition and microstructure properties. Density and hardness values were assessed using a central composite design, followed by RSM-based optimization. Sintering temperature, holding time, and graphite weight percentage were used as process parameters, while density and hardness were the response variables. The significance of process conditions was assessed using ANOVA. A quadratic regression model was fitted to estimate the response variable values. It was found that the density and hardness values were highest in the composite containing 3.06 wt.% graphite, sintered at 944°C for 1.5 h. The calculated values demonstrated excellent agreement with the experimental data, exhibiting negligible errors.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India",
    "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India",
    "Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India",
    "Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India",
    "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India",
    "Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ankit"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Vineet Kumar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Manvandra Kumar Singh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Gopal Ji"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Swayam Prakash Kutar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Sandeep Kumar Gupta"
    },
    {
      "name": "Raj Bahadur Singh"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rohit Kumar Singh Gautam"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jitendra Kumar Katiyar"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/01xfqwqe6gzv2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0357759",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "01xfqwqe6gzv2",
  "issns": [
    "1932-6203"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0357759",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2210|Powder Metallurgy Techniques and Materials"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Earth sciences/Mineralogy/Minerals/Graphite"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Materials science/Materials physics/Microstructure"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Materials science/Materials/Composite materials"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Materials science/Materials/Powders"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Materials science/Metallurgy/Powder metallurgy"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Physics/Materials physics/Microstructure"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Physics/Particle physics/Composite particles"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Microscopy/Electron microscopy/Scanning electron microscopy"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Research design/Experimental design"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212287314",
  "pdf_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0357759&type=printable",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-11",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/01xfqwqe6gzv2.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:56Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0357759",
      "source": "plos",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0357759"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "plos:materials science",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Prediction of the properties of sintered copper-graphite composites using response surface methodology",
  "title_text": "Prediction of the properties of sintered copper-graphite composites using response surface methodology",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/01xfqwqe6gzv2",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
  "versions": []
}