{
  "abstract": "Loneliness and sleep problems may mark vulnerability to sarcopenia, but prospective evidence on their co-occurrence is limited. Using 2011 and 2015 CHARLS data, we examined loneliness, restless sleep, and their joint exposure in relation to incident possible or confirmed sarcopenia. The unweighted complete-case analysis included 6,614 participants free of either category at baseline. Loneliness and restless sleep were coded from two CES-D-10 items. During follow-up, 1,067 participants developed the composite outcome. In the most extensively adjusted logistic model, loneliness (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.18–1.62) and restless sleep (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.03–1.38) were associated with higher odds. Compared with neither symptom, the OR was 1.32 (95% CI 1.02–1.71) for loneliness only, 1.13 (95% CI 0.95–1.34) for restless sleep only, and 1.53 (95% CI 1.26–1.87) for both symptoms. Modified Poisson analysis was consistent for both symptoms (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.16–1.54), whereas multiplicative interaction was not supported. Loneliness and restless sleep were associated with the composite outcome, and their co-occurrence identified the highest odds. These observational findings do not establish causality.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Tian Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chenghan Xu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Qiyun Shi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chuangbei Hu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jinhui Fan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jie Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Penghui Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rongxing Shi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yongwei Song",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-0540-9787"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/02crtpyzmwhx4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-73578-5",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "02crtpyzmwhx4",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-73578-5",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2737|Nutrition and Health in Aging"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220849069",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-73578-5_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-07",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/02crtpyzmwhx4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:24Z",
      "native_id": "10.1038/s41598-026-73578-5",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-73578-5"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2737|Nutrition and Health in Aging",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Loneliness, restless sleep, and incident possible or confirmed sarcopenia among middle-aged and older Chinese adults",
  "title_text": "Loneliness, restless sleep, and incident possible or confirmed sarcopenia among middle-aged and older Chinese adults",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/02crtpyzmwhx4",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}