{
  "abstract": "Objectives: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a debilitating condition occurring in major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar II disorder (BP-II). Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) is an established neuromodulation approach for TRD, but standard delivery requires once-daily sessions over several weeks. Accelerated iTBS (aiTBS) may reduce treatment burden by temporally compressing delivery. We evaluated the implementation, tolerability, and clinical outcomes associated with a 5-day aiTBS schedule for adults experiencing TRD in MDD and BP-II.\n\nMethods: In this single-center, open-label, uncontrolled, prospective naturalistic cohort study, adults with MDD or BP-II experiencing TRD received 30 iTBS sessions (600 pulses/session; total 18 000 pulses) over 5 days with 50-minute inter-session intervals. HAMD-17 was assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and 2-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes included Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), baseline Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S), post-treatment/follow-up CGI-I, response/remission rates, and adverse events. Longitudinal changes were evaluated using linear mixed-effects models.\n\nResults: Forty-six participants contributed longitudinal data (mean age 44.3 years; 54.4% male). HAMD-17 response rates were 28.3% (n = 13) post-treatment and 37.0% (n = 17) at follow-up; remission rates were 26.1% (n = 12) and 32.6% (n = 15), respectively. Improvements were also observed on PHQ-9 and GAD-7. On CGI-I, 52.2% were rated improved post-treatment and 60.9% at follow-up. The most common adverse event was transient, non-serious stimulation-site pain.\n\nConclusions: The 5-day aiTBS schedule was logistically feasible, well-tolerated, and associated with reductions in depressive and anxiety symptom scores in a real-world TRD cohort. Randomized sham-controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Arts & Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada",
    "Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences, Whitby, Ontario, Canada",
    "Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada",
    "Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Asmi Khanna",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-5348-1213"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Adrian Espiritu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lynn Zhu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Mervin Blair"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Olivia Giovannetti"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Amanda Abate"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Janice Knight"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Luisa Deutsch"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Robyn Waxman"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Amer M. Burhan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/059t5zcvswp46.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1017/s1092852926101205",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13732625/",
  "id": "059t5zcvswp46",
  "issns": [
    "1092-8529",
    "2165-6509"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852926101205",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2808|Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221962677",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/3B8B392FB1CAE4A7D7DC9AD60D7F522F/S1092852926101205a.pdf/div-class-title-clinical-outcomes-following-five-day-accelerated-intermittent-theta-burst-stimulation-for-treatment-resistant-depression-in-routine-clinical-practice-a-prospective-naturalistic-cohort-study-div.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13732625",
  "pmid": "42878230",
  "published": "2026-10-15",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/059t5zcvswp46.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T12:22:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13732625",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852926101205"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2808|Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Clinical outcomes following five-day accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation for treatment-resistant depression in routine clinical practice: A prospective naturalistic cohort study",
  "title_text": "Clinical outcomes following five-day accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation for treatment-resistant depression in routine clinical practice: A prospective naturalistic cohort study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T12:22:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/059t5zcvswp46",
  "venue": "CNS Spectrums",
  "versions": []
}