{
  "abstract": "Purpose: To characterize the high-resolution OCT phenotype of basal laminar deposit (BLamD) and the codistribution of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) morphologic changes in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Participants: Thirty-one eyes from 19 patients (10 female, 9 male; mean age 85.6 ± 5.5 years) with AMD and OCT-visible BLamD. Methods: Structural high-resolution OCT B-scans were systematically graded for BLamD phenotype (persistent, scalloped, and outer retinal corrugations), RPE morphologic changes (spiky RPE and intraretinal hyperreflective foci [IHRF]), foveal involvement, and additional features (hypocore drusen, subretinal drusenoid deposits [SDDs], and soft drusen), including geographic atrophy (GA), complete RPE and outer retinal atrophy (cRORA), and incomplete RPE and outer retinal atrophy. Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence and co-occurrence of BLamD and RPE phenotypic features stratified by foveal status. Results: Of the 117 screened patients with AMD, 19 (16.2%) had OCT-visible BLamD, contributing 31 eyes: 28 with cRORA, 1 with incomplete RPE and outer retinal atrophy, and 2 without OCT-defined atrophy. Persistent BLamD was the most prevalent finding (28/31, 90.3%), followed by scalloped BLamD and IHRF (both 21/31, 67.7%) and spiky RPE (18/31, 58.1%). All 31 eyes exhibited ≥1 RPE–BLamD complex abnormality, and 27/31 eyes (87.1%) demonstrated ≥2 concurrent features. Outer retinal corrugations were identified in 4/31 eyes (12.9%) and were exclusively present in eyes without spiky RPE (4/13, 30.8% vs. 0/18, 0%). Foveal-spared GA eyes showed higher prevalences of spiky RPE (9/14, 64.3% vs. 6/14, 42.9%) and IHRF (11/14, 78.6% vs. 7/14, 50.0%) compared with foveal-involved eyes. Eyes lacking persistent BLamD (3/31, 9.7%) paradoxically showed all spiky RPE, scalloped BLamD, and IHRF. Additional findings included hypocore drusen in 8/31 eyes (25.8%), SDD in 31/31 eyes (100%), and soft drusen in 4/31 eyes (12.9%). Conclusions: In BLamD-associated GA, persistent and scalloped BLamD, spiky RPE, IHRF, and outer retinal corrugations showed variable patterns of co-occurrence. Spiky RPE and IHRF were more frequent in foveal-sparing than in foveal-involved eyes, although the significance of this observation requires longitudinal validation. These findings support the integration of BLamD morphologic subtyping and RPE phenotyping into clinical and trial-based assessments of advanced AMD, with potential implications for patient selection and monitoring in the era of approved complement inhibition therapies. Financial Disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, California; Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California",
    "Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, California; Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan",
    "Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, California; Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California; Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy",
    "Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California",
    "Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, California; Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California; Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China",
    "Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, California; Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California; Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “Luigi Sacco”, Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy",
    "Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, California; Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California; Ophthalmology Department, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea",
    "Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, California; Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California; Correspondence: SriniVas R. Sadda, MD, Doheny Image Reading and Research Laboratory, Doheny Eye Institute, 150 N. Orange Grove Blvd, Suite 232, Pasadena, CA 91103."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Alberto Quarta, MD"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Shinichiro Chujo, MD, PhD"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Paolo Forte, MD"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Alessandro Feo, MD"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Jianfeng Huang, MD"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rouzbeh Abbasgholizadeh, MD, FEBO"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Federico Sivilotti, MD"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ceren Soylu, MD"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Seungmin Lee, MD"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Giulia Corradetti, MD"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "David Sarraf, MD"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Srinivas R. Sadda, MD, FARVO"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/07bac75y4w0mz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.xops.2026.101415",
  "fulltext_url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666914526003532",
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  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
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  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
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  "pdf_url": "https://www.ophthalmologyscience.org/article/S2666-9145(26)00353-2/pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": "42964701",
  "published": "2026-09-23",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/07bac75y4w0mz.ris",
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  "title": "High-Resolution OCT of Basal Laminar Deposit Phenotypes and Retinal Pigment Epithelium Morphologic Changes in Age-Related Macular Degeneration",
  "title_text": "High-Resolution OCT of Basal Laminar Deposit Phenotypes and Retinal Pigment Epithelium Morphologic Changes in Age-Related Macular Degeneration",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:21:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/07bac75y4w0mz",
  "venue": "Ophthalmology Science",
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