{
  "abstract": "Laser-plasma accelerators span scales from the micrometre wavelength of the driving laser to acceleration lengths of millimetres or metres. Full particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations resolve the laser carrier but are constrained by the Courant condition, whereas quasi-static models are computationally efficient but do not resolve it. We present GEM-PIC-RZ, a quasi-cylindrical implementation of the Galilean electromagnetic PIC scheme. The method retains the slow evolution of the forward field and therefore resolves the laser carrier while allowing a propagation step governed by the evolution of the laser and plasma rather than by the cell size. User-defined nonuniform grids and a charge-conserving regularization of the bubble closure support efficient simulations across these scales. Comparisons with the full PIC code FBPIC show agreement for the laser wake, the depletion and redshift of a few-cycle pulse, and ionization injection; the measured CPU time is about 2\\,\\% of that for FBPIC in the reported runs; the injected charge carries a model uncertainty of about 15\\,\\% from the regularization. An envelope model, in contrast, underestimates the depletion of the few-cycle pulse fivefold. Self-injection in a sharp density down-ramp is not yet reproduced and remains an open problem.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.31622",
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Alexander Pukhov"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/07j26jx45zsgw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.31622",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "07j26jx45zsgw",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.31622",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.optics"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.plasm-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3106|Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223349198",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.31622",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-22",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/07j26jx45zsgw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:34:34Z",
      "native_id": "2610.31622",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.31622"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.optics",
      "subfield": "optics-photonics"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.plasm-ph",
      "subfield": "plasma"
    }
  ],
  "title": "GEM-PIC-RZ: a Galilean electromagnetic particle-in-cell code in quasi-cylindrical geometry with nonuniform grids",
  "title_text": "GEM-PIC-RZ: a Galilean electromagnetic particle-in-cell code in quasi-cylindrical geometry with nonuniform grids",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:34:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/07j26jx45zsgw",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}