{
  "abstract": "Background: Accurate localization of small pulmonary nodules, particularly ground-glass-dominant and deep lesions, remains challenging in thoracoscopic surgery. We evaluated a model-guided, non-percutaneous approach to intraoperative localization.\n\nMethod: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent intraoperative model-guided anchor-based non-percutaneous localization or conventional preoperative CT-guided puncture localization and resection for small pulmonary nodules at our center between January 1 and December 31, 2024. Localization-specific and perioperative outcomes were compared between groups.\n\nResults: Twenty-four patients underwent intraoperative localization, and 91 underwent preoperative puncture localization. Median localization time with the intraoperative approach was 35.7 minutes (IQR 28.8-47.3 minutes). The observed localization-category distributions were similar between groups (precise: 50% vs. 49.49%; helpful: 43.33% vs. 42.42%; missed: 6.67% vs. 8.08%; p = 1.000). In this indication-selected cohort, intraparenchymal hemorrhage (0% vs. 16.16%, p = 0.022) and pneumothorax (0% vs. 31.87%, p < 0.001) were observed less frequently in the intraoperative group. All patients in the intraoperative-localization group subsequently underwent CONSERVO electroresection, whereas the conventional group underwent stapler-based resection. The combined intraoperative localization/CONSERVO strategy was associated with a shorter incision length but a longer non-localization operative time, greater blood loss, a longer chest-tube duration, and greater early drainage. Because localization and resection techniques differed concurrently, their independent contributions could not be determined.\n\nConclusion: Intraoperative model-guided anchor placement with CT verification was technically feasible in this small retrospective cohort. The approach avoided transthoracic puncture and may warrant further evaluation for selected patients with multiple nodules or lesions unsuitable for preoperative puncture or direct tactile localization.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Peking University First Hospital"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xining Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jingwei Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shijie Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jian Li"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/09jd1x988s381.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2026.1941071",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13724330/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "09jd1x988s381",
  "issns": [
    "2234-943X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1941071/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2740|Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222967162",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13724330/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13724330",
  "pmid": "42973525",
  "published": "2026-10-19",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/09jd1x988s381.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:13Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fonc.2026.1941071",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1941071/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T15:20:50Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13724330",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13724330"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:22:55Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13724330",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.1941071"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T15:20:48Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42973525",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42973525"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "issn:2234-943X",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Intraoperative model-guided anchor placement with CT verification for non-percutaneous localization of small pulmonary nodules: a retrospective feasibility study",
  "title_text": "Intraoperative model-guided anchor placement with CT verification for non-percutaneous localization of small pulmonary nodules: a retrospective feasibility study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T12:21:06Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/09jd1x988s381",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Oncology",
  "versions": []
}