{
  "abstract": "Background: Ultra-processed foods (UPF) are increasingly recognised as a risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). European dietary monitoring remains shaped by dietary guidelines, food groups and behavioural risks. This study assessed whether current frameworks capture UPF within integrated NCD risk-factor surveillance.\n\nMethods: JA PreventNCD Country Fact Sheets from 16 countries identified frameworks monitoring dietary behaviour. European Health Interview Survey(EHIS), Children Obesity Surveillance Initiative(COSI) and Health Behaviour in School-aged Children(HBSC) were selected for prevalence and combined life-course coverage. Using NOVA as the referential UPF framework, their dietary indicators were assessed for compatibility. EU Menu Guidance (EMG) and FoodEx2-based assessment served as a comparator, given evidence of suitability for estimating UPF intake. The EMG was reviewed for NCD risk factors beyond diet.\n\nResults: A structural trade-off was identified between UPF measurement precision and integrated risk-factor surveillance. EHIS, COSI and HBSC provide broad behavioural risk coverage across the life course, but their dietary indicators are too aggregated for NOVA-classification. EMG and FoodEx2-based assessment provides food-level detail for UPF estimation, including anthropometry and physical activity, but mainly to interpret energy balance rather than support NCD prevention-oriented surveillance. Neither approach sufficiently supports assessment of how UPF exposure relates to wider behavioural and psychosocial risk factors, or how these risks cluster.\n\nConclusions: European NCD risk-factor monitoring reflects a focus on dietary adequacy, food groups, guideline adherence and behavioural risks. Changing food environments and supply-side shifts highlight a need to widen rather than replace existing priorities. Validated UPF measures could strengthen prevention policies and regulation if incorporated alongside dietary adequacy and behavioural risk data.\n\nKey messages: • Current monitoring frameworks show a trade-off between UPF estimation and wider NCD risk-factor surveillance.\n\n• Validated UPF measures could help assess how UPF exposure relates to and clusters with other NCD risks across the life course.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "abstract",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "MS Frydensberg"
    },
    {
      "name": "TM Sørensen"
    },
    {
      "name": "ES Høstrup"
    },
    {
      "name": "IDS Figueira"
    },
    {
      "name": "NML Rasmussen"
    },
    {
      "name": "V Possenti"
    },
    {
      "name": "N Rossi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0c94nx5yfm8ms.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1323",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13698546/",
  "id": "0c94nx5yfm8ms",
  "issns": [
    "1101-1262",
    "1464-360X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1323",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "6. Poster Displays"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/MED00860"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/SOC01210"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/SOC02610"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "DH. Food, nutrition and diet"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2739|Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223701890",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13698546/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13698546",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "Oxford University Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0c94nx5yfm8ms.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:24Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13698546",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1323"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:44Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13698546",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13698546"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2739|Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Can European risk-factor monitoring capture ultra-processed food consumption?",
  "title_text": "Can European risk-factor monitoring capture ultra-processed food consumption?",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:35:23Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0c94nx5yfm8ms",
  "venue": "The European Journal of Public Health",
  "versions": []
}