{
  "abstract": "The Roman eXtreme Deep Field (RXDF) program is one of the five General Astrophysics Survey (GAS) programs approved for observing time with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope in Cycles 1 and 2. It has been allocated 386.41 hours to carry out an imaging survey to AB = 30 mag (5-sigma) over ~140x larger area than the Hubble eXtreme Deep Field (HXDF) full-depth area (ACS+WFC3/IR). The RXDF will cover the full Roman wavelength range with 7 bands, reaching AB = 30 mag in RZYJH, 29 mag in F, and 28 mag in K, over a full-depth area of 678.75 arcmin^2 embedded in a total area of 1,243 arcmin^2, and far exceeding the depths of the Roman Core Community Surveys (CCS). The RXDF is within the Euclid Ultra Deep Field (EUDF) near the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP), a strategic long-term field for generational space facilities, with a wealth of multi-wavelength data including extensive coverage from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NEXUS Treasury program. The observations will cover 3 epochs at a 1-year cadence, each epoch divided into 3 sub-epochs ~10 days apart, enabling time-domain studies on time baselines from ~10 days to over ~2 years. The RXDF is uniquely positioned to address critical questions in reionization, large scale structure (LSS), growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs), little red dots (LRDs), and high-z supernovae (SNe); the volumes probed by HST+JWST are too small at these extreme depths, and even the deepest CCS tiers are too shallow. In addition to our key objectives, a wealth of additional science will be enabled by engaging the community with our rapidly released datasets, revolutionizing a wide range of science for a lasting legacy. This short document, which is converted from the approved RXDF proposal, aims to provide the community with a summary of the program.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
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  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.08145",
  "author_total": 130,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Haojing Yan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anton M. Koekemoer"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yue Shen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bangzheng Sun"
    },
    {
      "name": "Norman A. Grogin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zihao Wu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Christian Kragh Jespersen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rachel Somerville"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kyoung-Soo Lee"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dale D. Kocevski"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adam J. Burgasser"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pedro H. Bernardinelli"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yicheng Guo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Charles Steinhardt"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xiaohui Fan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Duncan Farrah"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gisella De Rosa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Feige Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jinyi Yang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lifan Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Fengwu Sun"
    },
    {
      "name": "Christopher N. A. Willmer"
    },
    {
      "name": "John David Silverman"
    },
    {
      "name": "Steven L. Finkelstein"
    },
    {
      "name": "Seth H. Cohen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rolf A. Jansen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rogier A. Windhorst"
    },
    {
      "name": "Brent M. Smith"
    },
    {
      "name": "Stefano Casertano"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anthony H. Gonzalez"
    },
    {
      "name": "Michael A. Strauss"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ray A. Lucas"
    },
    {
      "name": "Katherine E. Whitaker"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mingyang Zhuang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rodrigo Angulo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chloe Aurin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Micaela Bagley"
    },
    {
      "name": "Franz E. Bauer"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jessica M. Berkheimer"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rachel Bezanson"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alejandro S. Borlaff"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rebecca A. A. Bowler"
    },
    {
      "name": "Larry D. Bradley"
    },
    {
      "name": "W. N. Brandt"
    },
    {
      "name": "Denis Burgarella"
    },
    {
      "name": "Timothy Carleton"
    },
    {
      "name": "Delondrae D. Carter"
    },
    {
      "name": "Caitlin M. Casey"
    },
    {
      "name": "Christopher J. Conselice"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kyle W. Cook"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jeff Cooke"
    },
    {
      "name": "David A. Coulter"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tyler Desjardins"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tim Dewachter"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nicole E. Drakos"
    },
    {
      "name": "Simon P. Driver"
    },
    {
      "name": "Qiao Duan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eiichi Egami"
    },
    {
      "name": "Andreas Faisst"
    },
    {
      "name": "Travis C. Fischer"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0dnnd98ymm06x.bib",
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  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.08145",
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      "openalex",
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  "openalex": "W7212017798",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.08145",
  "pmcid": null,
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  "published": "2026-09-08",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0dnnd98ymm06x.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:49Z",
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      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.08145"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
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  ],
  "title": "The Roman eXtreme Deep Field (RXDF)",
  "title_text": "The Roman eXtreme Deep Field (RXDF)",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:49Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0dnnd98ymm06x",
  "venue": "arXiv",
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}