{
  "abstract": "The luminosity quoted for proposed particle colliders is usually derived from the analytic geometric formula, which assumes head-on collisions of identical, rigid Gaussian bunches. For the new generation of asymmetric machines---in particular lepton--hadron colliders such as the EIC, LHeC and FCC-eh---this assumption can misestimate the luminosity, because it ignores a few coupled effects that act in the interaction region such as hourglass effect, crossing angle, and mutual electromagnetic (beam--beam) deformation of the colliding bunches. We present \\textbf{AloHEP} (A luminosity optimizer for High Energy Physics), an open-source, cross-platform Java application that simulates the interaction region of both symmetric and asymmetric colliders. AloHEP represents each bunch by an ensemble of macroparticles deposited on the grid with a cloud-in-cell scheme, and slices the crossing longitudinally. On each transverse slice it solves the two-dimensional electrostatic problem by a direct Green's-function convolution, then obtains the beam--beam forces by finite differencing and continuous bicubic interpolation. The hourglass effect, finite crossing angle and beam--beam pinch/disruption can be enabled independently, and the two colliding beams may consist of entirely different species (leptons, protons, heavy ions). A JSON-backed parameter database and an interactive graphical interface make AloHEP a flexible tool for the rapid prototyping of realistic luminosity estimates. We verify that the code reproduces the analytic geometric luminosity in the appropriate limit and present scaling, grid-convergence and asymmetric-collider benchmarks.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.09839",
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Burak Dagli"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yigitali Karaca"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0dsq70mjsxg9f.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.09839",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "0dsq70mjsxg9f",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.09839",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.acc-ph"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.comp-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2202|Particle accelerators and beam dynamics"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220938347",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.09839",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-07",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0dsq70mjsxg9f.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:27:37Z",
      "native_id": "2610.09839",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.09839"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.acc-ph",
      "subfield": "applied-instrumentation"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.comp-ph",
      "subfield": "computational"
    }
  ],
  "title": "AloHEP Software: A luminosity optimizer for High Energy Physics colliders",
  "title_text": "AloHEP Software: A luminosity optimizer for High Energy Physics colliders",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:27:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0dsq70mjsxg9f",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}