{
  "abstract": "Objectives: This study aimed to synthesise existing systematic reviews to determine the true long-term recurrence rate of cholesteatoma following primary surgery and to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of surgical approaches (canal wall up vs canal wall down ) and adjunctive procedures on disease recidivism.\n\nMethods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus and OpenAlex identified 23 studies (predominantly systematic reviews and meta-analyses) encompassing 12,819 patients with an equal to or greater than 12 months’ follow-up and clearly defined recurrence, evaluating canal wall up, canal wall down, mastoid obliteration and endoscopic assistance.\n\nResults: Recurrence increased from 7 per cent at 12 months to 39 per cent at 15 years. Canal wall down showed lower recurrence than canal wall up. Mastoid obliteration (odds ratio, 0.33–0.45) and endoscopic techniques (risk ratio, 0.48–0.68) reduced recidivism and residual disease. Age and staged surgery increased risk, whereas planned second-look surgery was protective.\n\nConclusion: Cholesteatoma recurrence is strongly time-dependent. Combining appropriate surgical techniques with mastoid obliteration, endoscopic assistance and long-term surveillance improves long-term disease control.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Edi Handoko",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-4599-1459"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rizki Ekaputra Handoko"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ahmad Dian Wahyudi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0ezydx8v101fc.bib",
  "cited_by": 2,
  "doi": "10.1017/s0022215126105234",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13735499/",
  "id": "0ezydx8v101fc",
  "issns": [
    "0022-2151",
    "1748-5460"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022215126105234",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Systematic Review"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2733|Ear Surgery and Otitis Media"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7165764092",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13735499",
  "pmid": "42337393",
  "published": "2026-11-06",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0ezydx8v101fc.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:21:10Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13735499",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022215126105234"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2733|Ear Surgery and Otitis Media",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Evaluating long-term recurrence of cholesteatoma following primary surgery: an umbrella review of surgical techniques and patient factors",
  "title_text": "Evaluating long-term recurrence of cholesteatoma following primary surgery: an umbrella review of surgical techniques and patient factors",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:21:10Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0ezydx8v101fc",
  "venue": "The Journal of Laryngology and Otology",
  "versions": []
}