{
  "abstract": "Drone-based atmospheric measurements allow time-resolved investigation of stratification in the lower atmosphere of many atmospherically relevant variables. Measuring a variety of variables can be used, e.g., for mixing layer (height, MLH) identification and examination of the representativity of ground-based measurements in the lowermost boundary layer. We present drone-based vertical profiling during two 2.5-week summer field campaigns in rural Germany to investigate the vertical distribution of trace matter and meteorological variables in the lowermost troposphere. Night-time vertical profiling of temperature, humidity, wind speed, and trace substances (CO ₂ , O ₃ , particle mass and number concentrations) in the lowest 120 m revealed a multiple-layer fine-scale stratification. Trace substances surpassed several traditional meteorological variables in sensitivity for MLH detection. Among all variables, O ₃ and potential temperature were the most reliable MLH markers, highlighting combining trace matter and meteorological measurements to understand stratification processes. Using a gradient-based approach for diurnal vertical profiles up to 500 m above ground, we evaluate under which conditions and to which degree ground-based measurements, used world-wide in networks or during individual field campaigns, can be taken as representative for the lowermost mixing layer, and how strong radiative-driven mixing reduces vertical gradients. Location-specific sources and sinks affect the trace matter distribution in the ML much stronger than irradiance. However, homogeneity of aerosol particle concentrations was strongly promoted under high-radiative conditions, even at low MLHs. This suggests distinguishing between high- and low-irradiation conditions in the planetary boundary layer could improve parameterization for vertical mixing and should be considered when evaluating ground-based data.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (Mainz, Germany)"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Lasse Moormann",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-7509-632X"
    },
    {
      "name": "Friederike Fachinger"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Holger Tost",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3105-4306"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Frank Drewnick"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0fx8fk7e6haph.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.5194/acp-26-14417-2026",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "0fx8fk7e6haph",
  "issns": [
    "1680-7324"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/26/14417/2026/",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1902|Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7167273939",
  "pdf_url": "https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/26/14417/2026/acp-26-14417-2026.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-13",
  "publisher": "Copernicus GmbH",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0fx8fk7e6haph.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:34Z",
      "native_id": "10.5194/acp-26-14417-2026",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/26/14417/2026/"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:1902|Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols",
      "subfield": "atmospheric"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Influence of irradiance and mixing layer height on the vertical trace matter distribution in the lower planetary boundary layer – drone-based investigation",
  "title_text": "Influence of irradiance and mixing layer height on the vertical trace matter distribution in the lower planetary boundary layer – drone-based investigation",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0fx8fk7e6haph",
  "venue": "Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.5194/egusphere-2026-2494",
      "pid": null,
      "relation": "preprint",
      "title": null,
      "venue": null
    }
  ]
}