{
  "abstract": "Proto-planetary nebulae are considered to be the evolutionary link between AGB stars and planetary nebulae. They possess many of the physical characteristics expected of such a link and provide valuable information about the evolutionary process in these objects. One important characteristic of proto-planetary nebulae is the prevalence of very strong bipolar and point-symmetric morphologies. In planetary nebulae, these shapes are widely considered to be the result of shaping by a binary companion. Indeed, a number of studies have shown links between strong axial or point-symmetry in planetary nebulae and close binary central star systems that have gone through a common envelope phase. Here, we explore whether the observed proto-planetary nebulae may be the progenitors of planetary nebulae with close binary central stars. We find that despite the strong shaping of proto-planetary nebulae this is unlikely to be the case. We also discuss options for evolution to close binaries and the alternatives.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.17830",
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Todd C. Hillwig"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bruce J. Hrivnak"
    },
    {
      "name": "David Jones"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0g3azejjj50sq.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.17830",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "0g3azejjj50sq",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17830",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.SR"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.17830",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-15",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0g3azejjj50sq.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:01Z",
      "native_id": "2609.17830",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17830"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.SR",
      "subfield": "stellar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Proto-Planetary Nebulae Are Not the Precursors of Planetary Nebulae With Close Binary Central Stars",
  "title_text": "Proto-Planetary Nebulae Are Not the Precursors of Planetary Nebulae With Close Binary Central Stars",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0g3azejjj50sq",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aea3ee",
      "pid": null,
      "relation": "published-as",
      "title": null,
      "venue": null
    }
  ]
}