{
  "abstract": "Meteoritic inclusions indicate that the early Solar System contained a substantial abundance of the short-lived radionuclide 10Be. Whether it was inherited from the parent molecular cloud or requires local irradiation or late injection remains debated. Here we present the first three-dimensional simulations of a Milky Way-like disc that follow the multi-phase interstellar medium, cosmic rays (CRs), and the production and transport of 10Be by galactic CRs (GCRs) and in supernova remnants (SNRs). Nearly all 10Be is produced by GCR interactions; SNRs contribute at most about ten percent of the 10Be inherited by newly formed stars. The 10Be/9Be ratio traces the CR energy density, declining smoothly with galactocentric radius, and because stars form where supernovae inject CRs, their natal gas is CR-enriched roughly fivefold relative to the mean interstellar medium, which one-zone estimates miss. Accounting for a possibly higher Galactic star formation rate 4.6 Gyr ago, inheritance of GCR-produced 10Be can then explain the early Solar System's 10Be/9Be in our models, without late injection or local irradiation. Even when GCR-induced 10Be production in dense gas is reduced tenfold, the meteoritic value is reached in the innermost disc and missed by only a factor of a few elsewhere, so the main conclusion is robust to uncertain low-energy GCR penetration. The inferred birth radius of the Sun depends strongly on the CR diffusivity, ranging between 3 and 8 kpc, suggesting that improved modelling of low-energy CR transport could sharpen constraints on the birthplace of the Solar System.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2611.03808",
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Yusuke Fujimoto"
    },
    {
      "name": "Steven J. Desch"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jiro Shimoda"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shu-ichiro Inutsuka"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0g6rh3sgmzmys.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2611.03808",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "0g6rh3sgmzmys",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.03808",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.EP"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.HE"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.SR"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2611.03808",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-02",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0g6rh3sgmzmys.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T15:21:25Z",
      "native_id": "2611.03808",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.03808"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.HE",
      "subfield": "high-energy-astrophysics"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.EP",
      "subfield": "planetary"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.SR",
      "subfield": "stellar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Galactic-Scale Distribution of 10Be and Its Implications for the Early Solar System 10Be/9Be",
  "title_text": "Galactic-Scale Distribution of 10Be and Its Implications for the Early Solar System 10Be/9Be",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-06T18:21:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0g6rh3sgmzmys",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.3847/1538-4357/aeb928",
      "pid": null,
      "relation": "published-as",
      "title": null,
      "venue": null
    }
  ]
}