{
  "abstract": "Purpose: To set national dose interventional reference levels (IRLs) for adults undergoing the most common cardiac electrophysiology and pacing procedures. Materials and methods: A national multicentre survey was performed in 33 French cardiac electrophysiology and pacing departments. Eleven standard image-guided interventional procedures in cardiac electrophysiology and pacing were analysed. Air Kerma (AK), kerma-area product (PKA) and fluoroscopy time (T) were recorded for 10 to 30 patients per procedure and per centre. IRLs were calculated as the 3rd quartiles and medians of distributions. Results: A total of 4219 patients (70.4 ± 14.4 years old, 32% women) were included. IRLs were suggested for three dosimetric indicators in the eleven procedures. For endovascular implantation (pacemaker and defibrillator), IRLs increased with the complexity of procedures. In terms of PKA and T, IRLs were 4.10 Gy.cm2 and 5.5 min for single-chamber pacemakers, 11.50 Gy.cm2 and 16.5 min for bi-ventricular pacemakers, 2.25 Gy.cm2 and 4.0 min for single-chamber defibrillators and 12.90 Gy.cm2 and 18.0 min for bi-ventricular defibrillators. For all pacemaker procedures, left bundle branch area pacing significantly increased PKA, AK, and T values (p < 0.05). For ablations, the lowest IRLs were found for accessory pathway ablation (4.10 Gy.cm2 and 10.5 min) and the highest for ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (12.65 Gy.cm2 and 15.5 min). For all ablations, the main energy source used was radiofrequency (>75% of procedures). For most procedures, the IRLs proposed were close to most of those already published, or lower. Conclusion: This national multicentre study reports IRLs for the most common image-guided interventional cardiac electrophysiology and pacing procedures.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 50,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Joël Greffier"
    },
    {
      "name": "Elodie Dhombres"
    },
    {
      "name": "Djamel Dabli"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maxime de Guillebon"
    },
    {
      "name": "Paraskevi Charalampatou"
    },
    {
      "name": "Joëlle Ann Feghali"
    },
    {
      "name": "Elie Ganacheau"
    },
    {
      "name": "Valérie Desroys Du Roure"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cynthia Goutain-Majorel"
    },
    {
      "name": "Brice Royer"
    },
    {
      "name": "Antoine Milhem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pauline Arsac"
    },
    {
      "name": "Simon David"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathilde Diot-Vaschy"
    },
    {
      "name": "Guillaume Serzian"
    },
    {
      "name": "Barbara Chatterjee"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pierre Frey"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anne Guenet"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bénédicte Perrin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anthony Fernandez"
    },
    {
      "name": "Franck Couzon"
    },
    {
      "name": "Antoine Da Costa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cyril Leleu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aurore Taylor"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vianney Behaghel"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nathalie Bestion"
    },
    {
      "name": "Julien Le Roy"
    },
    {
      "name": "Laurie Cabrol Faivre"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maïlys Michel"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bruno Degand"
    },
    {
      "name": "Solène Collet"
    },
    {
      "name": "Emmanuel Burguin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Charlotte Pichenot"
    },
    {
      "name": "Stéphane Fromentin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Didier Paul"
    },
    {
      "name": "Barbara Girard-Bertrand"
    },
    {
      "name": "Emilie Varlet"
    },
    {
      "name": "Isabelle Fitton"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rui Guerra"
    },
    {
      "name": "Elise Bottlaender"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anne-Sophie Vazé"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sylvie Monfraix"
    },
    {
      "name": "Antoine Lepillier"
    },
    {
      "name": "Olivier Paziaud"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hervé Desflaches"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hugo Brahic"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chris Serrand"
    },
    {
      "name": "Julie Roux"
    },
    {
      "name": "Guillaume Cayla"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pierre François Winum"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0ghm11fh0he5k.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.ejmp.2026.105898",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "0ghm11fh0he5k",
  "issns": [
    "1120-1797",
    "1724-191X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05775283v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
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      "hal",
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      "2741|Radiation Dose and Imaging"
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  "pdf_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05775283/document",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": "42472521",
  "published": "2026-10-02",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0ghm11fh0he5k.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:46Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05775283",
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      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05775283v1"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2741|Radiation Dose and Imaging",
      "subfield": "imaging"
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  "title": "Radiation dose reference levels for the most common image-guided interventional cardiac electrophysiology and pacing procedures: a French multicentre survey",
  "title_text": "Radiation dose reference levels for the most common image-guided interventional cardiac electrophysiology and pacing procedures: a French multicentre survey",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:46Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0ghm11fh0he5k",
  "venue": "Physica Medica European Journal of Medical Physics",
  "versions": []
}