{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nPaediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains underdiagnosed worldwide, with nearly 50% of cases missed. This issue is especially prominent in high-burden settings, where data on healthcare capacity for paediatric TB detection are limited. We assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding paediatric TB among healthcare workers (HCWs), community health workers (CHWs), and families in rural Tanzania.Methods\n\nWe conducted a cross-sectional KAP survey in Kondoa District (Dodoma Region) from November 2023 to October 2024. We measured knowledge and attitudes using validated questionnaires and assessed practices through reported TB-related activities.Results\n\nOur sample included 87 HCWs, 86 CHWs, and 78 caregivers. Median knowledge scores (maximum = 18) were 11.2 (interquartile range (IQR) = 9.2-12.9) for HCWs and 8.9 (IQR = 7.9-9.8) for CHWs. Clinicians outperformed paramedical staff (P < 0.01), with those who had <5 years' experience scoring better. Attitude scores were high at 3.25/4 for HCWs and 3.1/4 for CHWs, with a moderate knowledge-attitude correlation among HCWs (ρ = 0.344, P = 0.001). Practice gaps were substantial: 17.2% of HCWs never diagnosed paediatric TB, only 24% referred for advanced diagnostics, and 38% of CHWs reported no cases. Although 92% of caregivers were aware of TB, only 1.8% of children had documented diagnoses.Conclusions\n\nDespite adequate knowledge, implementation gaps persist, suggesting systemic barriers. Strengthening diagnostics, referrals, training and stronger integration of CHWs into paediatric TB care pathways is essential.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy.",
    "Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy.",
    "Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy.",
    "Department of Paediatrics, AORN San Giuseppe Moscati, Avellino, Italy.",
    "Experimental and Clinical Medicine Department, University of Florence, Italy.",
    "Centro Mondialità Sviluppo Reciproco, Livorno, Italy.",
    "School of Nursing and Public Health, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania.",
    "Regional TB and Leprosy Programme-Dodoma, United Republic of Tanzania Ministry of Health, Dodoma, Tanzania.",
    "Global Health Centre, Tuscany Region, Florence, Italy.",
    "Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Italy."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 17,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Elisabetta Venturini"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Giada Rinninella"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ludovica Facchini"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Roberta Pellegrino"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Andrea Miftode"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Agnese Tamborino"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Leila Bianchi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Francesca Corsi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Pendo Paschal Masanja"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Stephen Matthew Kibusi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Alpha N Kwilasa"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Hamoud Ndengue"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Peres Lukango"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Daniela Cuomo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Luca Scali"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Maria José Caldés Pinilla"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        9
      ],
      "name": "Luisa Galli"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0h96ac4j9kewg.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.7189/jogh.16.04291",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693297",
  "id": "0h96ac4j9kewg",
  "issns": [
    "2047-2978",
    "2047-2986"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924622",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2725|Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223370024",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693297?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13693297",
  "pmid": "42924622",
  "published": "2026-10-23",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0h96ac4j9kewg.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:33Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42924622",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924622"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2725|Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology",
      "subfield": "infectious-disease"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on paediatric tuberculosis in rural Tanzania: insights for enhanced detection and care.",
  "title_text": "Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on paediatric tuberculosis in rural Tanzania: insights for enhanced detection and care.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:33Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0h96ac4j9kewg",
  "venue": "Journal of global health",
  "versions": []
}