{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of folic acid-functionalized chitosan-coated oleosomes (F-CS-OL) loaded with Syzygium cumini (SYG) seed extract against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis rat model. Methods: Rats received treatments via the oral route for 11 days following arthritis induction. The colloidal formulation exhibited an average particle size of 80.78 ± 1.02 nm, a zeta potential of -15.5 ± 1.12 mV, and an encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 94.98 ± 0.56%, alongside characterization by TEM, FTIR, and DSC. CFA-induced arthritis produced a pronounced inflammatory and angiogenic response, marked by significantly elevated serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, VEGF, ICAM-1, MMP-3, and CXCL13 compared with the normal control group. Results: While treatment with free SYG extract resulted in moderate reductions in these biomarkers, the nanoencapsulated extract (SYG-loaded F-CS-OL) produced significantly greater reductions in inflammatory, chemotactic, matrix-remodeling, and angiogenesis-associated biomarkers compared with the untreated CFA-induced arthritis group. Histopathological examination of joint tissues further supported the biochemical findings. Conclusions: Overall, SYG-loaded F-CS-OL exhibited potent anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory activities and significantly reduced biomarkers associated with angiogenic signaling in CFA-induced arthritis in CFA-induced arthritis. These findings suggest that folic acid-functionalized nanocarriers may represent a promising strategy for enhancing the therapeutic potential of SYG; however, further pharmacokinetic and safety studies are warranted to support clinical translation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Nutrition Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt.",
    "Human Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates.",
    "Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Ainy St., Cairo 11562, Egypt.",
    "Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Samar M Aborhyem",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1025-7876"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Neveen Agamy"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Aamena F Abdallah"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Shimaa O Ali",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0855-5580"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Haidy Abbas",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4243-1442"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Mariam Zewail",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1930-9361"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0mjekrqrjmyvh.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/ph19101658",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13708674",
  "id": "0mjekrqrjmyvh",
  "issns": [
    "1424-8247"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943355",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "3003|Advanced Drug Delivery Systems"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223042531",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13708674?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13708674",
  "pmid": "42943355",
  "published": "2026-10-20",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0mjekrqrjmyvh.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42943355",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943355"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:3003|Advanced Drug Delivery Systems",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Folic Acid-Functionalized Chitosan-Coated Oleosomes Engineered for Enhanced Anti-Arthritic Delivery of Syzygium cumini Seed Extract.",
  "title_text": "Folic Acid-Functionalized Chitosan-Coated Oleosomes Engineered for Enhanced Anti-Arthritic Delivery of Syzygium cumini Seed Extract.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0mjekrqrjmyvh",
  "venue": "Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}