{
  "abstract": "Background: Breast cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors in women worldwide, with lung metastasis accounting for over 90% of fatalities. Despite this high mortality, effective targeted therapies remain insufficient. Although ponatinib (PNT) shows potential for treating breast cancer lung metastasis (BCLM), its delivery requires optimization. This study aims to construct a biomimetic nanomedicine for targeted delivery of PNT, thereby efficiently treating BCLM. Methods: Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) can serve as a substitute for cholesterol as a membrane support material while also acting as an adjuvant in cancer treatment. We replaced cholesterol with Rg3 to prepare PNT-Rg3-Lipo liposomes, extracted the cell membrane of M1 macrophages to coat it on the surface of PNT-Rg3-Lipo, and obtained biomimetic nano MM/PNT-Rg3-Lipo. The characterization of biomimetic nanomedicines was conducted, and the functionality of biomimetic nanomedicines was evaluated at both animal and cellular levels. Results: The macrophage membrane-modified MM/PNT-Rg3-Lipo retains most proteins found on M1-type macrophages, including the characteristic proteins integrin α4 and β1. This macrophage membrane-modified MM/PNT-Rg3-Lipo reduces macrophage phagocytosis, while enhancing uptake by metastatic breast cancer cells. In vitro , macrophage membrane-modified MM/PNT-Rg3-Lipo exhibits a stronger cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cells compared to free PNT. In vivo , MM/PNT-Rg3-Lipo shows a lower hemolysis rate, demonstrating its safety. Macrophage membrane modification guides liposomes to lung metastatic sites, leading to localized drug release and consequential inhibition of breast cancer lung metastases. Conclusion: The biomimetic macrophage membrane-coated liposomes, MM/PNT-Rg3-Lipo, which we have innovatively prepared, exhibit promising therapeutic effects against breast cancer lung metastases.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Chinese Medicine Germplasm Resources Innovation and Effective Uses Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lei Quan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yue Gao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chen Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yue Ding"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sijuan Sun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xinran Tai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Qingqing Yu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dong Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yumei Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0mv0x6e0nefyd.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.jgr.2026.101110",
  "fulltext_url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1226845326001363",
  "id": "0mv0x6e0nefyd",
  "issns": [
    "1226-8453",
    "2093-4947"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2026.101110",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "QK1-989"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2502|Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7167976411",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13711512?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13711512",
  "pmid": "42948630",
  "published": "2026-07-10",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0mv0x6e0nefyd.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:43:33Z",
      "native_id": "7858a62051434938b3c557c6fda3bc78",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2026.101110"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:36Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42948630",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42948630"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:22:16Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13711512",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2026.101110"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2502|Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Biomimetic M1 macrophage Membrane–Modified liposomes Co-delivering ponatinib and ginsenoside Rg3 for inhibition of breast cancer lung metastasis",
  "title_text": "Biomimetic M1 macrophage Membrane–Modified liposomes Co-delivering ponatinib and ginsenoside Rg3 for inhibition of breast cancer lung metastasis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:22:16Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0mv0x6e0nefyd",
  "venue": "Journal of Ginseng Research",
  "versions": []
}