{
  "abstract": "Metal braided hoses are widely used in the petroleum industry, marine engineering, aerospace, and other fields for their excellent displacement compensation and vibration damping. Stiffness properties have attracted most of the research so far, while the dynamic behavior of the hose remains comparatively understudied. This paper therefore establishes single-degree-of-freedom axial and bending dynamic models based on the Bouc-Wen hysteresis model and linearizes the nonlinear equations through energy-equivalent linearization, using the energy dissipated by the hysteresis loop. The linearized equations are solved analytically and validated against frequency sweep tests. The model predicts axial natural frequencies of 11.91 Hz and 19.60 Hz for the first two modes and 13.2 Hz for the first bending mode, all close to the measured values, so the equivalent linearized model can be considered reliable for engineering calculation in the low-frequency range. Experiments on hoses with different diameters, lengths, and braiding-layer numbers further show that the bellows size mainly determines the hose stiffness: larger bellows are stiffer but damp less, and adding braiding layers improves damping only until the accompanying increase in stiffness weakens isolation. In the measurements, the two-layer DN25 hose reached the highest axial vibration level difference of 12.83 dB, the longer DN25 hose reached 25.46 dB in bending, and the stiffer DN50 hose isolated much less, at 7.27 dB axially. These quantitative results provide concrete guidance for the design and application of metal braided hoses.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Naval Architecture and Intelligent Manufacturing, Jiangsu Maritime Institute, Nanjing, China",
    "School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Dacheng Huang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2489-5625"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yue Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Dongqin Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jianrun Zhang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0mwn4f49nwr84.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0361869",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13730378/",
  "id": "0mwn4f49nwr84",
  "issns": [
    "1932-6203"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361869",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Algebra"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Bending"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Classical Mechanics"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Computer and Information Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Damage Mechanics"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Deformation"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Dynamic Response"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Engineering and Technology"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Frequency Response"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Material Properties"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Materials Science"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Mathematics"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Mechanical Engineering"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Mechanical Properties"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Nonlinear Dynamics"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Physical Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Physics"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Polynomials"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Stiffness"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Systems Science"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Vibration"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Vibration Engineering"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Computer and information sciences/Systems science/Dynamic response"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Computer and information sciences/Systems science/Nonlinear dynamics"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Computer and information sciences/Systems science/Nonlinear systems"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Engineering and technology/Mechanical engineering/Vibration engineering"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Materials science/Material properties/Mechanical properties/Stiffness"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Mathematics/Algebra/Polynomials"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Mathematics/Systems science/Dynamic response"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Mathematics/Systems science/Nonlinear dynamics"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Mathematics/Systems science/Nonlinear systems"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Physics/Classical mechanics/Damage mechanics/Deformation/Bending"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Physics/Classical mechanics/Deformation/Bending"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Physics/Classical mechanics/Vibration"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13730378",
  "pmid": "42976158",
  "published": "2026-11-03",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0mwn4f49nwr84.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:20:43Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0361869",
      "source": "plos",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361869"
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    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-07T12:22:57Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13730378",
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "plos:materials science",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    },
    {
      "field": "mathematics",
      "origin": "plos:algebra",
      "subfield": "algebra-number-theory"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "heading:Physics",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Equivalent linearization modeling and experimental validation of natural frequency and vibration isolation performance in metal braided hoses",
  "title_text": "Equivalent linearization modeling and experimental validation of natural frequency and vibration isolation performance in metal braided hoses",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:22:57Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0mwn4f49nwr84",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
  "versions": []
}