{
  "abstract": "Black pod disease caused by Phytophthora palmivora (P. palmivora) remains a major constraint in global cocoa production, leading to yie ld losses of up to 40 % and increased resistance to synthetic fungicides. In this study, a novel visible-light-responsive TiO2-Ni hybrid suspension system was synthesized via a modified sol-gel method and evaluated as an eco-friendly antifungal agent specifically against P. palmivora. Structural, morphological, and compositional analyses using FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDX confirmed the successful incorporation of Ni into the TiO2 lattice, while UV-Vis DRS revealed a red shift in absorption and a narrowed band gap from 3.20 eV to 3.05 eV. Antifungal performance was assessed in vitro at various concentrations (0.1-1.0 % w/v) under dark, UV, and visible-light conditions. The TiO2-Ni suspension exhibited the highest inhibition under visible-light irradiation, achieving near-complete inhibition of mycelial growth at 0.5-1.0 % concentrations, whereas minimal activity was observed under dark conditions. This enhanced performance is attributed to improved electron-hole separation and increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to membrane disruption and cell damage. These findings highlight the TiO2-Ni hybrid suspension as a promising and sustainable alternative to conventional fungicides for controlling P. palmivora in cocoa cultivation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Asryrahmad Zulfikar"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dian Ekawati"
    },
    {
      "name": "Irwan Irwan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nur Arfa Yanti"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nasriadi Dali"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ishmah Farah Adiba"
    },
    {
      "name": "Muhammad Nurdin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Thamrin Azis"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nohong Nohong"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maulidiyah Maulidiyah"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0p8207p6s4esn.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.5650/jos.ess26058",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jos/75/9/75_jos.ess26058/_article",
  "id": "0p8207p6s4esn",
  "issns": [
    "1347-3352",
    "1345-8957"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jos/75/9/75_jos.ess26058/_article",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "jstage-journal",
      "chemistry/general"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1105|Fungal Plant Pathogen Control"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7204856218",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jos/75/9/75_jos.ess26058/_pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0p8207p6s4esn.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:38Z",
      "native_id": "10.5650/jos.ess26058",
      "source": "jstage",
      "url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jos/75/9/75_jos.ess26058/_article"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1105|Fungal Plant Pathogen Control",
      "subfield": "ecology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "TiO₂-Ni Hybrid Suspension as Visible-Light-Responsive Antifungal Agents for Controlling Phytophthora palmivora",
  "title_text": "TiO₂-Ni Hybrid Suspension as Visible-Light-Responsive Antifungal Agents for Controlling Phytophthora palmivora",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:38Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0p8207p6s4esn",
  "venue": "Journal of Oleo Science",
  "versions": []
}