{
  "abstract": "We present a comprehensive numerical investigation of the sensitivity of horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio ( H/V ) measurements of ambient seismic noise to the spatial distribution of noise sources and to strong lateral structural contrasts. Our approach relies on the computation of realistic 3-D viscoelastic Green's functions between a dense set of potential surface sources and a few surface receivers, allowing the synthesis of ambient noise wavefields corresponding to arbitrary spatio-temporal source distributions. The study focuses on a simplified 3-D representation of the Mygdonian Basin (northern Greece), where significant temporal variations of H/V amplitude, polarization and peak frequency have been observed at a site located near a blind fault. Comparisons between the synthetic H/V and the predictions of the elastic Diffuse Field Theory (DFT) show good agreement under isotropic source conditions, confirming the usefulness of DFT as a reference framework in diffuse or quasi-diffuse regimes. However, attenuation, lateral heterogeneities and uneven source distributions lead to substantial deviations from DFT predictions. We find that source-related effects can dominate both amplitude and polarization patterns, sometimes masking the structural signature of the fault. Nevertheless, the simulations reveal robust spatial trends of H/V polarization relative to the fault geometry, suggesting that polarization mapping may help identify lateral heterogeneities when combined with dense, long-duration measurements. Our framework provides a physically consistent way to test the limits of the diffuse field assumption and to explore the applicability of ambient noise-based observables in complex geological environments",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "David Gregor"
    },
    {
      "name": "Emmanuel Chaljub"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marc Wathelet"
    },
    {
      "name": "Fabrice Hollender"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vincent Perron"
    },
    {
      "name": "Florent de Martin"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0q82rvs5pk1w7.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1093/gji/ggag348",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "0q82rvs5pk1w7",
  "issns": [
    "0956-540X",
    "1365-246X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://brgm.hal.science/hal-05761116v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.sdu"
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    [
      "hal",
      "1.sdu.stu"
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    [
      "openalex",
      "1908|Seismic Waves and Analysis"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7207682479",
  "pdf_url": "https://brgm.hal.science/hal-05761116/document",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-23",
  "publisher": "Oxford University Press (OUP)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0q82rvs5pk1w7.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:39Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05761116",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://brgm.hal.science/hal-05761116v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:1908|Seismic Waves and Analysis",
      "subfield": "geophysics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Three-dimensional numerical simulation of ambient seismic noise for arbitrary surface source distributions: application to the study of horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios and their variability",
  "title_text": "Three-dimensional numerical simulation of ambient seismic noise for arbitrary surface source distributions: application to the study of horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios and their variability",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:39Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0q82rvs5pk1w7",
  "venue": "Geophysical Journal International",
  "versions": []
}