{
  "abstract": "Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) is a prevalent endocrine-metabolic disorder characterised by follicular arrest, anovulation, and elevated androgen levels. This review transcends single-dimensional analyses of PMOS pathology from neuroendocrine or metabolic perspectives, proposing an integrated multi-layered network model to systematically elucidate the pathological mechanisms underlying follicular arrest. Post-pubertal dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis interacts with systemic metabolic dysregulation, jointly establishing an ovarian microenvironment characterised by hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinaemia, and chronic inflammation. This environment further induces self-reinforcing vicious cycles within follicles, manifesting as impaired granulosa-oocyte communication, immunometabolic reprogramming (e.g., M1 macrophage polarisation), and organelle stress (including mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress). This localised cycle is consolidated and amplified by higher-level regulatory factors—including developmental epigenetic programming, the gut-brain-ovary axis, and circadian rhythms—ultimately establishing a pathologically entrenched state. Finally, this network-based understanding informs future research pathways, focusing on how emerging strategies—such as multi-omics integration, artificial intelligence, and stem cell secretome studies—can advance phenotype-directed precision interventions. This review aims to provide a systematic, dynamic theoretical framework for understanding the complex pathogenesis of PMOS and its potential therapeutic targets.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "A Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Qiucheng Jia"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shuli Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lixin Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Guangzong Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Qi Zhu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hongshan Ge"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0qy98bgvzc66z.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1879713",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13685025",
  "id": "0qy98bgvzc66z",
  "issns": [
    "1664-3224"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1879713/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2743|Ovarian function and disorders"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220840873",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13685025?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13685025",
  "pmid": "42910057",
  "published": "2026-10-07",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0qy98bgvzc66z.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:15Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1879713",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1879713/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:10Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42910057",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42910057"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2743|Ovarian function and disorders",
      "subfield": "reproductive-child"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Follicular development impairment in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: multidimensional pathophysiological networks and frontier therapeutic targets",
  "title_text": "Follicular development impairment in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: multidimensional pathophysiological networks and frontier therapeutic targets",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:10Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0qy98bgvzc66z",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Immunology",
  "versions": []
}