{
  "abstract": "Virus infections unfold through spatially organized events whose timing and progression vary among individual cells. Imaging complements population-based approaches by preserving spatial context and, in live experiments, temporal progression at single-cell and tissue scales. This review examines how imaging has advanced our understanding of virus infection, using influenza A virus (IAV) as the principal example. The review is organized around three complementary perspectives: visualization of viral components throughout infection, analysis of virus-induced host-cell and tissue remodeling, and investigation of heterogeneous antiviral responses. Together, these perspectives show how imaging preserves the spatial, temporal, and cell-to-cell context needed to relate viral processes to host-cell responses across scales. Because imaging approaches differ in what they directly measure, this review considers their complementary strengths and limitations and distinguishes descriptive observations from mechanistic conclusions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands."
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Bernhard A Kramer"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Janin Schokolowski",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-1484-4784"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Huib H Rabouw"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0rsjxyv3kargw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/v18101074",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13709520",
  "id": "0rsjxyv3kargw",
  "issns": [
    "1999-4915"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943994",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "QR1-502"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Influenza Virus Research Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7203721065",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13709520?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13709520",
  "pmid": "42943994",
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0rsjxyv3kargw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:24Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42943994",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943994"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T14:21:37Z",
      "native_id": "09587d090dfc4cf5b62a351fd04168ae",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/v18101074"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Influenza Virus Research Studies",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Visualizing Influenza A Virus Infection and Host Processes Using Fluorescence Microscopy.",
  "title_text": "Visualizing Influenza A Virus Infection and Host Processes Using Fluorescence Microscopy.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T14:21:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0rsjxyv3kargw",
  "venue": "Viruses",
  "versions": []
}