{
  "abstract": "This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adding a thalidomide‐based cocktail (the TCC cocktail—comprising thalidomide, carmofur, and compound mylabris capsule) to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in real‐world practice. Data from 433 unresectable HCC patients treated with TACE at four hospitals were collected (from March 2014 to May 2018, followed up to July 2023) and overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs) were analyzed. After 1: 2 propensity score matching (PSM), 114 patients in the cocktail group (TACE + TCC) were compared with 228 patients in the control group (TACE alone). The median OS of the cocktail group was significantly better than that of the control group (p < 0.001; 42.5 vs. 12.5 months) after PSM. ORR (29.8% vs. 21.1%, p = 0.081) and DCR (79.8% vs. 61.8%, p < 0.001) at 6 months were also better in the cocktail group after PSM. Moreover, no life‐threatening AEs (grade 4 or 5) occurred in either group. In this retrospective cohort, the addition of the TCC cocktail to TACE was associated with improved survival and tumor response, with a manageable safety profile.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "National Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China",
    "Department of Hematology, Shanghai Geriatric Medical Center Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Minhang Campus Shanghai China",
    "Department of Infectious Diseases Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China",
    "Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Cancer Biomarker Discovery and Translation The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang China",
    "Department of Oncology Minhang Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China",
    "Department of Radiology Kecheng People's Hospital Quzhou Zhejiang China",
    "Department of Interventional Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 18,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jinzhi Xu",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-0768-499X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Li Song"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yifan Kong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jie Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jian Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Tao Ye"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Yongqiang Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xin Yin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Biwei Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhiying Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Peixin Huang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yi Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Matteo Jiang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ningling Ge"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Faiz Wali"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Wenhao Hu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Guoqing Zhu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jinglin Xia"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0scjqjcx8s4dq.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/mco2.71116",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13722950/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "0scjqjcx8s4dq",
  "issns": [
    "2688-2663"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13722950",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2721|Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225019513",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13722950/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13722950",
  "pmid": "42967027",
  "published": "2026-10-31",
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0scjqjcx8s4dq.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T03:21:51Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13722950",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13722950"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:21:39Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13722950",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.71116"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2721|Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis",
      "subfield": "general"
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  ],
  "title": "Enhanced Efficacy of Thalidomide‐Based Cocktail With Transarterial Chemoembolization in the Management of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multi‐Center Cohort Study",
  "title_text": "Enhanced Efficacy of Thalidomide‐Based Cocktail With Transarterial Chemoembolization in the Management of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multi‐Center Cohort Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T12:21:39Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0scjqjcx8s4dq",
  "venue": "MedComm",
  "versions": []
}