{
  "abstract": "This study investigated the effect of a crude extract of the alkamide affinin on various parameters related to adipogenesis and type 2 diabetes, using an in vitro cell culture system. The maximum non-toxic concentration of the extract was determined in 3T3-L1 cells, and its effect was evaluated in both normal cells and insulin-resistant adipocytes. In normal cells, the extract significantly reduced adipogenesis. In insulin-resistant adipocytes, no increase in triglyceride synthesis was observed compared to the resistant control. The extract stimulated the uptake of the glucose analog 2-NBDG in insulin-resistant adipocytes. Glucose uptake was higher than that observed in the resistant control group and the group treated with rosiglitazone, an insulin-sensitizing drug. The results indicate that affinin improves insulin response by promoting glucose uptake in insulin-resistant adipocytes. Furthermore, it did not show significant pro-adipogenic effects; conversely, it demonstrated insulin-sensitizing activity. Overall, the crude affinin extract reduced adipogenesis and stimulated glucose uptake without causing appreciable pro-adipogenic effects.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Secretary of Science, Humanities, Technology, and Innovation (SECIHTI)-Department of Cell Biology and Ultrastructure, Laguna Unit Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Coahuila (FM-UL, UAdeC), Av. Morelos No. 900 Ote., Torreón 27000, Coahuila, Mexico",
    "Genotoxicology Laboratory, Autonomous University of the West (UAdeO), Los Mochis Regional Unit, Los Mochis 81200, Sinaloa, Mexico",
    "School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Querétaro, Querétaro 76176, Querétaro, Mexico",
    "Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Querétaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla 76230, Querétaro, Mexico",
    "Department of Cell Biology and Ultrastructure, Laguna Unit Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Coahuila (FM-UL, UAdeC), Av. Morelos No. 900 Ote., Torreón 27000, Coahuila, Mexico"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anaguiven Avalos-Soriano",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1315-161X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "María José Soto-López",
      "orcid": "0009-0005-6311-6785"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jesús Eduardo Castro-Ruíz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ulisses Moreno-Celis",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3751-6601"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Teresa García-Gasca",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8793-9963"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "María Soñadora Niño-Castañeda",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3752-7773"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Nadia Denys Betancourt-Martínez",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7288-8705"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Javier Morán-Martínez",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6514-238X"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0tddtk8x0cq0s.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/molecules31213793",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "0tddtk8x0cq0s",
  "issns": [
    "1420-3049"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/21/3793",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2712|Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223170874",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-22",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0tddtk8x0cq0s.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:42Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/molecules31213793",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/21/3793"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2712|Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies",
      "subfield": "endocrinology-metabolism"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Alkamide Affinin Regulates Adipogenesis Parameters in Insulin-Sensitive and Insulin-Resistant 3T3-L1 Adipocytes",
  "title_text": "Alkamide Affinin Regulates Adipogenesis Parameters in Insulin-Sensitive and Insulin-Resistant 3T3-L1 Adipocytes",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:42Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0tddtk8x0cq0s",
  "venue": "Molecules",
  "versions": []
}