{
  "abstract": "Background: Cereal vinegar sediment (CVS), a byproduct formed during traditional grain vinegar storage, possesses lipid-lowering, glucose-lowering, and antioxidant properties. However, its effects on gut microbial and metabolic responses to short-term high-fat diet (HFD) exposure remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize the compositional profiles of Dade CVS (DD-CVS) and Hengshun CVS (HS-CVS) and investigate their effects on host metabolism and gut microbiota in mice with short-term HFD exposure. Methodology: The physicochemical properties of CVSs were evaluated, and their chemical compositions were characterized via untargeted metabolomics. Mice were fed a short-term HFD and administered DD-CVS or HS-CVS. Fecal microbial communities were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, whereas cecal contents and serum were analyzed using untargeted metabolomics. Results: Both CVSs were rich in amino acids, their derivatives, and polyphenolic compounds. CVS treatments attenuated body-weight gain and reshaped the gut microbiota composition of mice, including changes in the relative abundance of Allobaculum, Akkermansia, and Lachnospiraceae_Clostridium. Differentially, DD-CVS enriched Blautia and Ruminococcus, whereas HS-CVS enriched Bacillus. The results of the gut microbial metabolic profiles showed that DD-CVS treatment regulated amino acid metabolism, while HS-CVS treatment influenced bile acid and arachidonic acid metabolism. Furthermore, serum metabolomics revealed that CVSs modulated systemic metabolic profiles and enriched CVS-associated compounds, such as α-linolenic acid. The candidate microbiota-sensitive metabolites, including lithocholic acid and 9(S)-HPODE, showed significant correlations with specific microbial taxa. Conclusions: DD-CVS and HS-CVS induced distinct gut microbial and metabolic responses during short-term HFD exposure, supporting further evaluation of CVS as a potential functional food.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China",
    "Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China",
    "Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China",
    "College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China",
    "State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Wen-Hui Duan",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6650-6280"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yi-Lin Ren",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6339-8579"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Qi-Jie Guan",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8441-9604"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jin-Song Shi",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8514-3112"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Zheng-Hong Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yu-Zheng Xue"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Cheng-Cheng Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yi Guo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yan Geng",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8861-7686"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0tsa3sfm4znng.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/metabo16110808",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "0tsa3sfm4znng",
  "issns": [
    "2218-1989"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/16/11/808",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|Gut microbiota and health"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223351004",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-22",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0tsa3sfm4znng.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:00Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/metabo16110808",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/16/11/808"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|Gut microbiota and health",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Cereal Vinegar Sediment Modulates Gut Microbiota and Microbiota-Associated Metabolic Profiles in Mice with Short-Term High-Fat Diet Exposure",
  "title_text": "Cereal Vinegar Sediment Modulates Gut Microbiota and Microbiota-Associated Metabolic Profiles in Mice with Short-Term High-Fat Diet Exposure",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:00Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0tsa3sfm4znng",
  "venue": "Metabolites",
  "versions": []
}