{
  "abstract": "Some long duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) are not associated with bright supernovae (SNe), indicating that their explosion mechanism differs from the traditional collapsar channel. SN-less LGRBs are rare, thus it remains unclear whether they are sporadic outliers or a substantial component of the GRB population. In this work, we use two decades of Swift observations to conduct a systematic search for nearby ($z\\lesssim$0.35) LGRBs without a confirmed SN association. Our analysis reveals a heterogeneous population linked, in part, to star-forming or dusty environments and, in part, to quiescent galaxies. Through the analysis of their high-energy properties, afterglows, and environments, we identify a sample of LGRBs with robust SN limits and distance scales, more than doubling the number of candidate SN-less events. From our fiducial sample, we derive a volumetric rate, not corrected for beaming, of $R = (0.5 \\pm 0.2) {\\rm~Gpc^{-3}\\ yr^{-1}}$, comparable to the apparent rate of short duration GRBs (SGRBs) and standard LGRBs with SNe with luminosities $L \\gtrsim\\,10^{50}\\,{\\rm erg\\,s^{-1}}$. For plausible beaming factors, the inferred rate of SN-less LGRBs is consistent with several compact binary merger channels, although the allowed parameter space is already narrow if the entire population is attributed to a single progenitor channel. Owing to the small number of candidate events and the uncertainties in their distance scale, our sample leaves the low-luminosity tail unconstrained. A larger sample will be needed to determine whether they are the faint tail of known progenitor channels or evidence of a distinct route to relativistic explosions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.20787",
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Yu-Han Yang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eleonora Troja"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nicolas Monsalves"
    },
    {
      "name": "Massine El Kabir"
    },
    {
      "name": "Narjes Shahamat Dehsorkh"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hira Waseem"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0tyhve7scngkv.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.20787",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "0tyhve7scngkv",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20787",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.HE"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213613461",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.20787",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-17",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0tyhve7scngkv.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:19Z",
      "native_id": "2609.20787",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20787"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.HE",
      "subfield": "high-energy-astrophysics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A systematic search for long GRBs without supernovae: global properties and rate of events",
  "title_text": "A systematic search for long GRBs without supernovae: global properties and rate of events",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:19Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0tyhve7scngkv",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}