{
  "abstract": "Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a primary cause of global respiratory infections yet no approved vaccine currently exists. This study computationally predicts a multi-epitope vaccine candidate using a diverse dataset of 65 HMPV sequences spanning five continents. Following the screening of lead proteins for antigenicity and virulence, fifteen highly conserved MHC-I, MHC-II and B-cell epitopes were prioritized. These were integrated with a putative L7/L12 adjuvant using optimized AAY, GPGPG, and KK linkers to design three constructs (HMPV_V1–V3). Structural validation identified HMPV-V2 as the lead candidate that exhibits a Z-score of-5.24 and 87.7% of residues in favored Ramachandran regions indicating excellent stereochemical quality and structural stability. In silico docking indicated a strong predicted binding affinity between HMPV-V2 and the TLR4 receptor (energy: −969.2). Immune simulations predicted a robust adaptive response characterized by high IgG1 titers, memory B-cell maturation, and a Th1-dominant cytokine profile. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations suggested exceptional structural integrity for HMPV-V2, maintaining a low RMSD of 8.213 and RMSF of 0.737 throughout the simulation. Optimized in silico cloning into the pET28a (+) vector indicated a high potential for protein expression in E. coli systems. While these findings provide a theoretically grounded blueprint for vaccine development, this study is entirely computational and lacks experimental validation. Further in vitro and in vivo testing is required to confirm the actual safety and immunogenicity of the proposed candidate.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Analytical Research and Development, The ACME Laboratories Ltd, Dhulivita, Dhamrai, Dhaka, Bangladesh",
    "Microbiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh",
    "One Health Laboratory, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Dhaka, Bangladesh",
    "Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh",
    "Infinity Research and Innovation Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nazia Fairooz Alam"
    },
    {
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        1
      ],
      "name": "Moumita Chakrabarty"
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        2
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      "name": "Tanmoy Debnath"
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    {
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        3
      ],
      "name": "Mohammad Ashik Sheikh"
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    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Md Imtiaz"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sadia Jannat Tauhida"
    },
    {
      "name": "Md Nazmul Hasan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Md Mohaimenul Islam Tareq"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0wzc3yyvs6xkf.bib",
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  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0357758",
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  "id": "0wzc3yyvs6xkf",
  "issns": [
    "1932-6203"
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  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
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      "plos",
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    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Infectious diseases/Infectious disease control/Vaccines/Viral vaccines"
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  "pdf_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0357758&type=printable",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-15",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0wzc3yyvs6xkf.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:50Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0357758",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0357758"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "plos:immunology",
      "subfield": "immunology"
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  "title": "Computational prediction of a multi-epitope Human Metapneumovirus vaccine candidate through integrated reverse vaccinology and pan-genomic approaches",
  "title_text": "Computational prediction of a multi-epitope Human Metapneumovirus vaccine candidate through integrated reverse vaccinology and pan-genomic approaches",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:50Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0wzc3yyvs6xkf",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
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}