{
  "abstract": "Purpose\n\nThis study aimed to investigate the longitudinal relationship between postoperative medial proximal tibial angle (pMPTA) and joint space narrowing or osteophyte formation during a 3-year follow-up period after medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO).Methods\n\nThis retrospective cohort study included 133 knees of 101 patients (58 female patients; 77 female knees) who underwent MOWHTO [mean age: 57.5 ± 7.9 years; body mass index: 26.3 ± 4.0 kg/m²; 32 patients (19 female patients) underwent bilateral surgeries]. On the basis of plain radiograph until 1 month postoperatively (Post Op), pMPTA and change in MPTA (ΔMPTA) (i.e., [pMPTA] - [preoperative MPTA]) were measured. Additionally, the medial and lateral femorotibial joint space widths (MJSW/LJSW) and osteophyte area (MOPA/LOPA) were measured at Post Op, and the JSW and OPA were remeasured at 3-year follow-up (3Y). Amount of changes in JSW and OPA were measured using the following formula: Δ = [JSW3Y or OPA3Y] - [JSWPost Op or OPAPost Op]. If ΔMJSW was ≤ -0.3 mm, we defined medial knee osteoarthritis as progressed (p-mOA).Results\n\nForty-seven (35.3%) patients were diagnosed with p-mOA. Both pMPTA and ΔMPTA positively correlated with ΔMJSW. Receiver operating characteristic curves of pMPTA detected p-mOA, and the cut-off of pMPTA was 90°. Generalized estimation equations revealed that those with < 90° of correction for pMPTA demonstrated higher odds ratio of p-mOA (odds ratio: 3.300; 95% confidence interval: 1.327-8.198, p-value: 0.010), as compared with those with ≥ 90° correction. This finding was more robust in patients with preoperative Kellgren-Lawrence grade 0 or 1 (odds ratio: 5.408; 95% confidence interval: 1.400-20.905, p-value: 0.014), and ΔLJSW did not correlate with both pMPTA and ΔMPTA. Both the MOPA and LOPA increased during the 3-year follow-up period. However, there was no correlation between ΔOPA and pMPTA or ΔMPTA.Conclusions\n\nOnly in those with nonradiographic OA, correcting pMPTA with < 90° demonstrated a higher odds ratio of medial femorotibial joint space narrowing after MOWHTO when compared with those having ≥ 90° correction in the current short-term follow-up.Level of evidence\n\nIII.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan. dachiba@hirosaki-u.ac.jp.",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aomori Rosai Hospital, Hachinohe, Japan.",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.",
    "Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Daisuke Chiba"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Shugo Maeda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Eiji Sasaki"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Takahiro Tsushima"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yuka Kimura"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Eiichi Tsuda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yasuyuki Ishibashi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0x7bqnq3pyg6c.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s43019-026-00338-0",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13721240",
  "id": "0x7bqnq3pyg6c",
  "issns": [
    "2234-0726",
    "2234-2451"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958464",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224454761",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13721240?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13721240",
  "pmid": "42958464",
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": "Korean Knee Society",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0x7bqnq3pyg6c.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T00:20:36Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42958464",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958464"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:21:58Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13721240",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s43019-026-00338-0"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Adequately increased postoperative medial proximal tibial angle can prevent medial joint space narrowing after open-wedge high tibial osteotomy: a 3-year cohort study.",
  "title_text": "Adequately increased postoperative medial proximal tibial angle can prevent medial joint space narrowing after open-wedge high tibial osteotomy: a 3-year cohort study.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:21:58Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/0x7bqnq3pyg6c",
  "venue": "Knee surgery & related research",
  "versions": []
}