{
  "abstract": "We show that in Non-Equilibrium Dynamics (NED), the present cosmic acceleration is\n\nnegative, and identify the physical cause: the growth of cosmic mass consumes the Planck-\n\nscale repulsive force, leaving a negative residual for acceleration. Starting from the equation\n\nof motion\n\nM′\n\nv + M a = F0,\n\nwe obtain\n\na =\n\nF0 − M′R˙\n\nM\n\n.\n\nUsing the exact mass scaling M &prop; R(R−ℓp) and the matter-dominated expansion R &prop; t\n\n2/3\n\n,\n\nwe find\n\nM′R˙\n\nF0\n\n=\n\n4\n\n3\n\n> 1.\n\nTherefore,\n\na = −\n\nF0\n\n3M\n\n< 0.\n\nThe universe decelerates because mass growth consumes 4/3 of the repulsive force, leaving\n\n−1/3 for acceleration. This result requires no dark energy. It is a falsifiable prediction in\n\ndirect conflict with the standard interpretation of Type Ia supernovae, CMB, and BAO. We\n\ndiscuss the physical interpretation and the observational test.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "takashi ueda"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/10amdtgb10dw1.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.23447644",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "10amdtgb10dw1",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://zenodo.org/records/23447644",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://zenodo.org/api/records/23447644/files/%E6%B8%9B%E9%80%9F%E8%86%A8%E5%BC%B5%E5%8E%9F%E5%9B%A0.pdf/content",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-18",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/10amdtgb10dw1.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:21:20Z",
      "native_id": "23447644",
      "source": "zenodo",
      "url": "https://zenodo.org/records/23447644"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [],
  "title": "Why the Universe Decelerates: Mass Growth as the Cause of Negative Acceleration in Non-Equilibrium Dynamics",
  "title_text": "Why the Universe Decelerates: Mass Growth as the Cause of Negative Acceleration in Non-Equilibrium Dynamics",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:21:20Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/10amdtgb10dw1",
  "venue": "Zenodo",
  "versions": []
}