{
  "abstract": "Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has the highest incidence among common neurological disorders and remains the leading cause of mortality and disability among all kinds of injuries, yet specific therapies for TBI are still unavailable. In the present study, we found that short-term administration of terahertz (THz) photons during the acute phase of TBI ameliorated brain damage and cognitive deficits. THz photons induced a reduced population of microglia and an increased number of anti-inflammatory phenotypes of microglia. In vivo and in vitro validation further revealed that THz photons inhibit inflammasome activation. Blocking adenylyl cyclase type 9 (AC9) in microglia attenuated the beneficial effects of THz irradiation, indicating that THz-irradiation-mediated inhibition of inflammasome activation involves the AC9/cyclic adenosine monophosphate/NLR and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 signaling pathway. Compared with drug therapy, THz photon technology offers noninvasiveness, accurate tissue targeting, and on-demand application and removal. In conclusion, this study established a THz-photon-based therapeutic paradigm, highlighting its potential as a therapy for TBI and potentially other forms of acute brain injury.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing, China.",
    "National Key Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interface Technology, Beijing, China.",
    "Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.",
    "School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.",
    "School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jingzhou Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xin Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yuan Zhong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Junkai Yin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hongwei Wu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Tingrong Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yun Yu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Rundong Jiang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9217-0749"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yue Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Chao Chang",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7142-9910"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/149de9bqz3e89.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.34133/research.1468",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13710765",
  "id": "149de9bqz3e89",
  "issns": [
    "2639-5274"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42948201",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Health Science"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2728|Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221459710",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13710765?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13710765",
  "pmid": "42948201",
  "published": "2026-10-27",
  "publisher": "AAAS Science Partner Journal Program",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/149de9bqz3e89.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:33Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42948201",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42948201"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:40Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13710765",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.34133/research.1468"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2728|Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Terahertz Photons Ameliorate Traumatic Brain Injury and Reduce Neuroinflammation via the Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling Pathway.",
  "title_text": "Terahertz Photons Ameliorate Traumatic Brain Injury and Reduce Neuroinflammation via the Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling Pathway.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:21:40Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/149de9bqz3e89",
  "venue": "Research (Washington, D.C.)",
  "versions": []
}