{
  "abstract": "Nanotechnology provides innovative solutions to biomedical and agricultural challenges, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are of particular interest due to their broad-spectrum bioactivity. This study aimed to green-synthesize AgNPs using Buddleja asiatica leaf extract, characterize the nanoparticles, and evaluate antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and phytotoxic/phytostimulatory activities. AgNP formation was confirmed by UV–visible spectroscopy (SPR peak at 420 nm). XRD verified a crystalline face-centered cubic structure, while SEM showed predominantly near-spherical nanoparticles (10–22 nm). FTIR indicated plant-derived functional groups involved in stabilization. Biologically, BA-AgNPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against a Gram-positive clinical isolate ( Streptococcus sp.) and Gram-negative bacteria, with the largest inhibition zone of 14 ± 0.57 mm at 0.9 mg/mL. Antioxidant activity reached 88.12% DPPH scavenging at 100 ppm, compared with 80.90% for ascorbic acid under the same assay conditions. BA-AgNPs showed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in RD cells, with cell death ranging from 87.00% at 100 mg/mL to 5.33% at 0.39062 mg/mL; however, IC 50 is reported only as an estimated range of 6.25–12.5 mg/mL based on the concentration interval where cytotoxicity crossed 50%. In wheat, lower concentrations showed phytostimulatory trends, with the strongest response at 50 mg/L, while 1000 mg/L caused inhibitory effects. This is the first comprehensive report on B. asiatica –mediated AgNP synthesis and multifunctional bioactivity, highlighting BA-AgNPs as a sustainable nanomaterial for antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and agricultural applications, while emphasizing the need for future stability, mechanistic, and translational safety studies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Botany, Women University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Bagh, Azad Kashmir, 12500, Pakistan",
    "Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK",
    "Department of Botany, University of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Kotli, 11100, Pakistan",
    "Department of Botany, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, 12350, Pakistan",
    "Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan",
    "Department of Botany, University of Chakwal, Chakwal, 48800, Pakistan",
    "Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan. tauseef.anwar@iub.edu.pk",
    "Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. helbeltagi@kfu.edu.sa",
    "Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia",
    "Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, 21911, Saudi Arabia",
    "Institute of Environmental Engineering, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, Russia, 117198",
    "Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India. m.asif@kardan.edu.af",
    "Kardan University, Parwane Du, 1001, Kabul, Afghanistan. m.asif@kardan.edu.af",
    "University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India. m.asif@kardan.edu.af"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 13,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Maryum Fatima"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Shoaib Amjad"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ansar Mehmood",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6120-5646"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Samiullah Khan",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6970-168X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Zakia Binish"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Huma Arshad"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Huma Qureshi",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7120-4893"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Tauseef Anwar",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2052-8502"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Hossam Saad EL-BELTAGI",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4433-2034"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Ibtisam Mohammed Alsudays",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0632-1281"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Khalid Hasan Alamer",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3043-2093"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Nazih Y. Rebouh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11,
        12,
        13
      ],
      "name": "Mohd Asif Shah",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-2821-5423"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/15k5xs0wtdncj.bib",
  "cited_by": 8,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-57982-5",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "15k5xs0wtdncj",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
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  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-57982-5",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
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      "2505|Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications"
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  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-57982-5.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13424573",
  "pmid": "42533007",
  "published": "2026-07-30",
  "publisher": "Nature Portfolio",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/15k5xs0wtdncj.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:27:00Z",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-57982-5"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2505|Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
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  ],
  "title": "Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Buddleja asiatica L. and their multifunctional applications for industrial and bio-based products",
  "title_text": "Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Buddleja asiatica L. and their multifunctional applications for industrial and bio-based products",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T13:21:22Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/15k5xs0wtdncj",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}