{
  "abstract": "Background: Patients following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) frequently experience elevated anxiety and fear of progression (FoP), which has a high comorbidity and significantly increases adverse postoperative event risks. This prospective study explored the dynamic longitudinal associations between anxiety and FoP in post-CABG patients using network analysis methods.\n\nMethods: A prospective longitudinal design enrolled first-time CABG patients from three tertiary hospitals in Urumqi, China. Anxiety and FoP were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF) at three time points: hospital discharge (T1), 1 month (T2), and 3 months (T3) post-discharge. Cross-sectional Gaussian Graphical Models were constructed at each time point, and cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) analysis was performed to examine longitudinal symptom associations. Six a priori selected covariates (age, gender, educational level, duration of CHD, chronic comorbidities, and NYHA functional classification) were residualized prior to network estimation.\n\nResults: A total of 343 patients were included in the network analysis. From T1 to T3, total GAD-7 scores demonstrated a notable downward trend, whereas FoP-Q-SF scores exhibited a continuous upward trend. The core node at both T1 and T2 was FoP11 “Worrying about what will become of the family if something should happen to the patient, “ which shifted to FoP2 “Being nervous prior to doctors’ appointments or periodic examinations” at T3. In the T1-T2 CLPN, the strongest cross-lagged edge was from GAD7 “Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen” to FoP2 “Being nervous prior to doctors’ appointments or periodic examinations”. In the T2-T3 CLPN, the strongest cross-lagged edge was from GAD2 “Not being able to stop or control worrying” to FoP6 “Being afraid of the possibility that the children could contract disease”. In the T1-T3 network, the strongest cross-lagged edge was from GAD4 “Trouble relaxing” to FoP3 “Being afraid of pain”. Anxiety nodes generally exhibited higher Out-Expected Influence, while FoP nodes showed higher In-Expected Influence.\n\nConclusion: Anxiety levels gradually decreased during early rehabilitation, whereas fear of progression increased over time. Early anxiety symptoms showed positive cross-lagged associations with later fear of progression. These findings suggest that clinical nurses should consider phased, precision-based psychological interventions targeting stage-specific symptoms during different rehabilitation stages.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University",
    "Department of Cardiac Surgery, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region",
    "Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhengwei Luo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fenghui Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Huihui Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Weilong Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Duohuan Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yongzhong Guo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Juan Xing"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fang Liang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jianshuang Tao"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/165r3mtes6v7d.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1937200",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13713660",
  "id": "165r3mtes6v7d",
  "issns": [
    "1664-0640"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1937200/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2705|Cardiac Health and Mental Health"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221787149",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1937200/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13713660",
  "pmid": "42952948",
  "published": "2026-10-14",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/165r3mtes6v7d.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:18Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1937200",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1937200/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42952948",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42952948"
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    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:24:10Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13713660",
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2705|Cardiac Health and Mental Health",
      "subfield": "cardiovascular"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Longitudinal relationships between anxiety and fear of progression in post-CABG patients: a cross-sectional and cross-lagged panel network analysis",
  "title_text": "Longitudinal relationships between anxiety and fear of progression in post-CABG patients: a cross-sectional and cross-lagged panel network analysis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:21:17Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/165r3mtes6v7d",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Psychiatry",
  "versions": []
}