{
  "abstract": "Minimum-leakage continuous-variable quantum key distribution suppresses Eve's Holevo information by engineering the signal ensemble during state preparation. The existing symmetric realization relies on Alice-side heralding. Here we propose an alternative two-mode symmetric realization that is deterministic without heralding. The minimum-leakage condition of the new protocol requires transmitting two phase-conjugated twin beams (PCTB). We show that the PCTB protocol is related to the heralding protocol through a common entanglement-based source but corresponds to a different prepare-and-measure decomposition. The two protocols attain the same secret key rate per transmitted optical mode in the very-large-squeezing limit. For finite squeezing, however, the PCTB protocol requires approximately 3 dB less squeezing to achieve the same performance. We further optimize mode-symmetric Gaussian two-mode entangling-cloner attacks and find that correlated ancillary modes provide only a limited advantage over independent attacks under the minimum-leakage condition. These results establish phase-conjugated twin beams as a deterministic and experimentally appealing route to symmetric minimum-leakage CV-QKD.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2607.12432",
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Zhenlin Zhao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dawei Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/16ajwvp12vz09.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2607.12432",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "16ajwvp12vz09",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.12432",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1702|Quantum Information and Cryptography"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7168356831",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2607.12432",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-05",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/16ajwvp12vz09.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:48Z",
      "native_id": "2607.12432",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.12432"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:quant-ph",
      "subfield": "quantum"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Deterministic Minimum-Leakage Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Phase-Conjugated Twin Beams",
  "title_text": "Deterministic Minimum-Leakage Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Phase-Conjugated Twin Beams",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:48Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/16ajwvp12vz09",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}