{
  "abstract": "Introduction: Immune cells express vitamin D receptors (VDR) and the CYP27B1 enzyme needed to produce the VDR ligand, 1,25(OH) ₂ D; suggesting that perhaps the vitamin D response is regulated locally at the site of infection. Here, we examined the role of immune cell-derived 1,25(OH) ₂ D in host resistance to influenza infection.\n\nMethods: Mice were infected with mouse-adapted H1N1 influenza A virus, to determine the role of CYP27B1 on host resistance to influenza infection. The mouse strains infected include; wild type (WT) littermates, whole-body Cyp27b1 knockout (Cyp27b1 KO) mice, mice lacking renal 1,25(OH) ₂ D production (double intronic (DI)KO), mice with T cell-specific deletion of Cyp27b1 (T-Cyp27b1 KO), and mice with T cell-specific deletion of Vdr (T-Vdr KO).\n\nResults: Whole body Cyp27b1 KO mice developed severe influenza A virus disease, including infection induced mortality, compared to WT littermates. Oral treatments of the Cyp27b1 KO mice with 1,25(OH) ₂ D failed to completely protect the Cyp27b1 KO mice from influenza A virus disease. Mice without renal 1,25(OH) ₂ D had similar influenza disease as WT littermates. Influenza infection of T cell-specific Cyp27b1 KO resulted in increased respiratory distress and lethargy compared to WT littermates. WT and DIKO mice had more CD8+ T cells expressing higher amounts of granzyme B+ (GrzB) and disruptions in PD-1 than either whole-body Cyp27b1 KO or T-Cyp27b1 KO mice.\n\nDiscussion: The work suggests that renal 1,25(OH) ₂ D is not required for host resistance to this influenza A virus infection. The work further demonstrates that immune cells and in particular T cells may produce 1,25(OH) ₂ D to locally support CD8+ T cell responses to influenza A virus infection. Defining the mechanisms that regulate local 1,25(OH) ₂ D production in T cells or other immune cell types is needed.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University",
    "Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nicole E. Froelich"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mengzhu Tang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nicholas J. Hanna"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Troy C. Sutton"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mark B. Meyer"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Margherita T. Cantorna"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/18bzc96v8mjnw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1944713",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13713429",
  "id": "18bzc96v8mjnw",
  "issns": [
    "1664-3224"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1944713/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2734|Vitamin D Research Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221812486",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1944713/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13713429",
  "pmid": "42952597",
  "published": "2026-10-14",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/18bzc96v8mjnw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:17Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1944713",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1944713/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42952597",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42952597"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:23:58Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13713429",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1944713"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "issn:1664-3224",
      "subfield": "immunology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "T cell Cyp27b1 promotes granzyme B expression and antiviral host defense in a mouse model of H1N1 influenza A virus infection",
  "title_text": "T cell Cyp27b1 promotes granzyme B expression and antiviral host defense in a mouse model of H1N1 influenza A virus infection",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:21:06Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/18bzc96v8mjnw",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Immunology",
  "versions": []
}