{
  "abstract": "Background: Data on cervical cytological abnormalities in women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are inconsistent. We compared their prevalence in women with and without IBD. Methods: In this retrospective single-centre analysis of electronic medical records (2022–2024), women with Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) were compared with 141 women treated at a gynaecology outpatient clinic. Cytology was classified exclusively using the Bethesda System (abnormal = ASC-US or worse; “Pap II” inflammation = normal). Results: Of 301 women with IBD, 280 (141 CD, 139 UC) had evaluable cytology. The most recent cytology assessment was abnormal in 4/280 women with IBD (1.4%) versus 13/141 controls (9.2%; OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.05–0.45); a current or historical abnormality was identified in 12/280 women with IBD (4.3%) versus 13/141 controls (9.2%; OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.20–0.99; p = 0.051). CD and UC did not differ, and no clinical or treatment variable was associated with abnormality (12 events). hrHPV testing was documented in 15.7% of women with IBD (controls 85.8%). Conclusions: Abnormal cytology was infrequent in this closely monitored IBD cohort and numerically lower than in controls; however, the controls comprised a selected group, HPV testing differed between groups, and events were few, so an increased risk cannot be excluded. Regular gynaecological surveillance remains essential.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Woloska 137 St., 02-507 Warsaw, Poland",
    "Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland",
    "IBD Clinical and Research Center, ISCARE a.s., 190 00 Prague, Czech Republic",
    "Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Edyta Maria Tulewicz-Marti",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9301-9995"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Hanna Szweda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Patrycja Gumula"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Izabela Sierakowska"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Konrad Lewandowski",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3866-4905"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Tadeusz Issat",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3647-3550"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Grazyna Rydzewska"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1a0fdhhs2n6d6.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/jcm15218324",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "1a0fdhhs2n6d6",
  "issns": [
    "2077-0383"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8324",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Cervical Cancer and HPV Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223909945",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1a0fdhhs2n6d6.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:01Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/jcm15218324",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8324"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Cervical Cancer and HPV Research",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Cervical Cytological Abnormalities in Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Non-IBD Controls: A Retrospective Study",
  "title_text": "Cervical Cytological Abnormalities in Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Non-IBD Controls: A Retrospective Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1a0fdhhs2n6d6",
  "venue": "Journal of Clinical Medicine",
  "versions": []
}