{
  "abstract": "Chronic lung graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains difficult to treat, and broad immunosuppression increases infection risk. Single-cell profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage from bronchiolitis obliterans lesions revealed collapse of an epithelial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) metabolic axis with pathogenic immune-epithelial remodeling, nominating NAD⁺ restoration as an entry point. Because free NAD⁺ is poorly cell-permeable and rapidly consumed, we engineered CaNAD⁺-PGB-LiP (CNAPL), a high-payload NAD⁺ nanomedicine enabling direct intracellular replenishment. In murine allo-HSCT GVHD, CNAPL improved clinical scores and survival, reduced vascular and epithelial injury, and curtailed hyperinflammation and effector overactivation across GVHD target organs. Unlike immunosuppression, CNAPL preserved phagocytosis, NK/NKT cell (natural killer/natural killer T cell) cytotoxicity, and T cell memory. In posttransplant influenza or Klebsiella infection, CNAPL maintained pathogen control without rekindling GVHD, decoupling inflammation control from infection susceptibility. This metabolism-centered, host-directed strategy restores immune-tissue homeostasis and provides a practical translational path for durable lung GVHD control with preserved antimicrobial defense.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Medical Centre of Soochow University, Suzhou 215001, China.",
    "Organoid Innovation Center, Suzhou Institute of Nanotech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.",
    "School of Nano-Technology and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.",
    "National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.",
    "Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.",
    "Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.",
    "Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300000, China.",
    "Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 15,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jing Li",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8170-0081"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Zheng Zhou",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-5694-8999"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Jiaqian Qi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1613-4877"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Fan Zhang",
      "orcid": "0009-0005-3047-8878"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Ziyan Zhang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2001-2354"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Xueqian Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Shuhui Jiang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xiang Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Luyao Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xiahong Xie"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jinfeng Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Kanghua Zeng",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-0474-3749"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Yue Han",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7560-7195"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Junhong Jiang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2744-6710"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Mingzhou Ye",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4405-5324"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1agdqv7n5s37v.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aef3338",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693656",
  "id": "1agdqv7n5s37v",
  "issns": [
    "2375-2548"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aef3338",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2720|Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223404328",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693656?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13693656",
  "pmid": "42913002",
  "published": "2026-10-23",
  "publisher": "American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1agdqv7n5s37v.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:41Z",
      "native_id": "10.1126/sciadv.aef3338",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aef3338"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:03Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42913002",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42913002"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2720|Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "NAD ⁺ metabolic restoration resolves the inflammation-immunocompetence trade-off in lung graft-versus-host disease",
  "title_text": "NAD ⁺ metabolic restoration resolves the inflammation-immunocompetence trade-off in lung graft-versus-host disease",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:03Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1agdqv7n5s37v",
  "venue": "Science Advances",
  "versions": []
}