{
  "abstract": "Introduction: Disease management programs (DMPs) and diabetes self-management education have been associated with improved clinical outcomes and reduced mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Since 2015, Dôvera Health Insurance Company has operated a diabetes DMP in Slovakia. We evaluated the association between DMP participation and all-cause mortality among patients with T2DM.\n\nMethods: This retrospective cohort study used administrative healthcare data from 2013 to 2024. Patients participating in structured education (EDU) were compared with two reference groups: non-enrolled patients treated by diabetologists participating in the DMP (REF_DMP) and patients receiving diabetes care outside the DMP (REF). Propensity score matching was used to create 1:1:1 matched triplets. Survival was analyzed using a piecewise Cox regression with follow-up divided into ≤ 2 years and > 2 years. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to estimate population-average effects.\n\nResults: A total of 4702 EDU patients were successfully matched to controls from both reference groups, resulting in a matched cohort of 14,106 patients. During a median follow-up of 5.04 years, 1695 deaths occurred. Compared with the REF group, participation in structured education was associated with a 57% lower mortality risk during the first 2 years of follow-up (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.30–0.60) and a 32% lower risk afterwards (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.57–0.81). REF_DMP showed no survival benefit. IPTW analysis demonstrated a similar time-dependent pattern, with estimated reductions in mortality risk of 60% during the first 2 years (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.28–0.57) and 31% beyond (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.59–0.80).\n\nConclusion: Undergoing education within DMP was associated with a substantial reduction in all-cause mortality among patients with T2DM. Although attenuated over time, a significant benefit persisted throughout long-term follow-up. These findings support structured education as a key component of diabetes DMPs and suggest that broader implementation may improve population-level outcomes.\n\nSupplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-026-01922-z.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Dôvera Health Insurance Company, Einsteinova 25, 85101 Bratislava, Slovakia",
    "Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine IV, L. Pasteur University Hospital, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Martin Selvek",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-6732-6095"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Beáta Saal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Roman Mužik"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ivan Tkáč"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1bgzy1z5rh5tt.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/s13300-026-01922-z",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13728079/",
  "id": "1bgzy1z5rh5tt",
  "issns": [
    "1869-6953",
    "1869-6961"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-026-01922-z",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2712|Diabetes Management and Education"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214212618",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13300-026-01922-z.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13728079",
  "pmid": "42782573",
  "published": "2026-09-24",
  "publisher": "Springer",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1bgzy1z5rh5tt.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T12:23:49Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13728079",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-026-01922-z"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2712|Diabetes Management and Education",
      "subfield": "endocrinology-metabolism"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Impact of Education in Disease Management Program for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus on All-Cause Mortality: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study",
  "title_text": "Impact of Education in Disease Management Program for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus on All-Cause Mortality: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:21:08Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1bgzy1z5rh5tt",
  "venue": "Diabetes Therapy",
  "versions": []
}