{
  "abstract": "This review synthesizes recent advancements in understanding tipping points and cascading transitions within the Earth system, framing them through the lens of nonlinear dynamics and complexity science. It outlines the fundamental concepts of tipping elements, large-scale subsystems like the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and the Amazon rainforest, and classifies tipping mechanisms into bifurcation-, noise-, and rate-induced types. The article critically evaluates methods for detecting early-warning signals, particularly those based on critical slowing down, while also acknowledging their limitations and the promise of non-conventional indicators. Furthermore, we explore the significant risk of cascading transitions between interacting tipping elements, often modeled using conceptual network models. This shows that such interactions can substantially increase systemic risk under global warming. The review concludes by outlining key challenges related to data limitations and methodological robustness, and emphasizes the promising role of artificial intelligence and complex network science in advancing prediction and risk assessment of Earth system tipping dynamics.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.",
    "Department of Complexity Science, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam 14412, Germany.",
    "Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin 10099, Germany."
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sheng Fang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ziyan Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jürgen Kurths"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jingfang Fan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1d2nvv4ydp5bz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1093/nsr/nwag478",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13715440",
  "id": "1d2nvv4ydp5bz",
  "issns": [
    "2095-5138",
    "2053-714X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42953327",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/MED00010"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/SCI00010"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Earth Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Nsr/9"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Review"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Special Topic: Complex Marine Ecosystems and Planetary Boundary"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2306|Ecosystem dynamics and resilience"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7201879444",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13715440?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13715440",
  "pmid": "42953327",
  "published": "2026-08-07",
  "publisher": "Oxford University Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1d2nvv4ydp5bz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42953327",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42953327"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:22:44Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13715440",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwag478"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:2306|Ecosystem dynamics and resilience",
      "subfield": "climate"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Tipping points and cascading transitions: methods, principles, and evidence.",
  "title_text": "Tipping points and cascading transitions: methods, principles, and evidence.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:22:44Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1d2nvv4ydp5bz",
  "venue": "National science review",
  "versions": []
}