{
  "abstract": "We demonstrate a simple and efficient method to parallelize and distribute Trotterized Hamiltonian simulation of fermionic systems across multiple QPUs. Using combinatorial covering designs to define a minimal set of fermion-qubit encodings, we demonstrate communication cost scaling as $\\mathcal{O}(M q^4 r)$ for a system of $M$ fermionic modes and Trotter number $r$, improving on the static encoding bound for $q$ QPUs, $\\mathcal{O}(M^4 q r)$. We compare this approach to dynamic encoding using a randomised method, Pauli-weight based optimisation and hypergraph partitioning. Applying these to the Hamiltonians of a range of molecular systems split across two QPUs, we find the combinatorial covering approach results in the lowest communication cost in all but the sparsest Hamiltonians.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.31502",
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Michael Williams de la Bastida"
    },
    {
      "name": "Peter V. Coveney"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1e3b8ncvcw4jy.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.31502",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "1e3b8ncvcw4jy",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.31502",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1702|Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214575816",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.31502",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-08",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1e3b8ncvcw4jy.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:27:54Z",
      "native_id": "2609.31502",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.31502"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:quant-ph",
      "subfield": "quantum"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Parallel and Distributed Fermionic Simulation via Dynamic Encoding",
  "title_text": "Parallel and Distributed Fermionic Simulation via Dynamic Encoding",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:27:54Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1e3b8ncvcw4jy",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}