{
  "abstract": "Granulomatous lung disease caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) has not been described in immunocompetent infants. We report a 5-month-old boy, born at 31 ⁺⁵ weeks of gestation, with a 2-month history of isolated cough and normal growth. Contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography showed a multiloculated cystic mass in the right upper lobe. CMV DNA was detected in whole blood (1.41 × 10 ⁴ copies/mL) and urine (1.44 × 10 ⁶ copies/mL). Intravenous ganciclovir for 2 weeks produced no radiological change; because a tumor could not be excluded, video-assisted thoracoscopic right upper lobectomy was performed. Histology showed extensive necrosis with well-formed epithelioid granulomas and multinucleated giant cells. Stains for acid-fast bacilli and fungi and Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA in situ hybridization were negative. To exclude an infectious granulomatous disease, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of the resected tissue identified CMV at 1,143 reads per million as the only pathogen. The postoperative course was uncomplicated, with no recurrence at 6 months. CMV produced a localized granulomatous mass mimicking a congenital lung lesion or neoplasm, and tissue mNGS provided the decisive microbiological evidence. When a preterm infant has an unexplained chronic pulmonary lesion, CMV should be considered, and mNGS of pathological tissue can establish the diagnosis.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine",
    "Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yiping Zhou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yaru Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Rufang Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yucai Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yun Cui"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1jef7fccjsrf4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.2000675",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690948/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "1jef7fccjsrf4",
  "issns": [
    "1664-3224"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2000675/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221189508",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690948/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13690948",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-09",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1jef7fccjsrf4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:15Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.2000675",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2000675/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:00Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13690948",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13690948"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Case Report: Cytomegalovirus-associated granulomatous lung disease in an immunocompetent preterm infant",
  "title_text": "Case Report: Cytomegalovirus-associated granulomatous lung disease in an immunocompetent preterm infant",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:00Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1jef7fccjsrf4",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Immunology",
  "versions": []
}