{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Achieving and maintaining intentional weight loss is a major challenge in routine clinical practice, and real-world evidence is limited. Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated initial weight loss in 56,093 adults from a total of 126,659 who commenced the French RNPC program between 2013 and 2025, and subsequent weight trajectories in 2395 participants with 4-year follow-up data. The intervention combined an energy-restricted, protein-enriched, low-glycemic-load diet with individualized dietary and behavioral support, followed by progressive food reintroduction and optional long-term follow-up. Results: During the weight-loss phase (median, 4.6 months), median body weight decreased by 11.0 kg (12.7%) and waist circumference by 12.0 cm (11.8%), while lean mass percentage increased by 1.3 percentage points. At 4 years, among the 2395 participants with available follow-up data, median weight remained 7.8 kg (9.1%) and waist circumference 10.0 cm (9.8%) below baseline. Longitudinal mixed-effects models using all available repeated measurements showed similar patterns in weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, waist-to-height ratio, and relative fat mass at 4 years. Conclusions: These findings show substantial initial weight loss and long-term maintenance of clinically meaningful reductions in weight and waist circumference among participants with 4-year follow-up data after a structured nutritional and behavioral intervention in routine clinical practice.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Groupe Éthique et Santé, Actiburo 1, Bâtiment A, 100 Chemin de l’Aumône Vieille, 13400 Aubagne, France",
    "HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1300, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, University Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France",
    "Department of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK",
    "Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium",
    "Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK",
    "Nutrition Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital—Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Odile Fabre"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sébastien Bailly",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2179-4650"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Laurent Pantagis"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rémy Legrand"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Michael E. J. Lean"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Luc F. Van Gaal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Susan A. Jebb"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Arne Astrup"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1jjzfgg2jqp9a.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/nu18203364",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13708701/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "1jjzfgg2jqp9a",
  "issns": [
    "2072-6643"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/20/3364",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2739|Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221764243",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13708701/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13708701",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1jjzfgg2jqp9a.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:56Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/nu18203364",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/20/3364"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:40Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13708701",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13708701"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2739|Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Weight Loss and Long-Term Weight Trajectories After a Structured Nutritional and Behavioral Intervention: A Large Real-World Cohort Study",
  "title_text": "Weight Loss and Long-Term Weight Trajectories After a Structured Nutritional and Behavioral Intervention: A Large Real-World Cohort Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:40Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1jjzfgg2jqp9a",
  "venue": "Nutrients",
  "versions": []
}