{
  "abstract": "We present a comprehensive observational analysis of modified Gauss--Bonnet, or $f(G)$, gravity by investigating both the background cosmological expansion and sub-horizon linear matter perturbations. We consider two viable functional forms: an arctangent parameterization (Model~I) and a generalized polynomial power-law model (Model~II). Using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) ensemble sampler, we constrain their parameter spaces through background and structure-growth observations. Our analysis employs cumulative combinations of Cosmic Chronometers (CC), the Pantheon+ Type Ia Supernovae compilation (PP), Redshift-Space Distortions (RSD), and the Year-1 Baryon Acoustic Oscillation measurements from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI BAO). The inclusion of DESI BAO data produces a noticeable downward shift in the preferred values of the Hubble constant, $H_0$, and present matter density parameter, $Ω_{m0}$. For Model~II, the full analysis yields $H_0=64.02^{+4.13}*{-3.08},\\mathrm{km,s^{-1},Mpc^{-1}}$ and $Ω*{m0}=0.249^{+0.047}_{-0.038}$. We further assess the statistical performance of the models relative to $Λ$CDM using $Δ\\mathrm{AIC}_c$, $Δ\\mathrm{BIC}$, and $Δ\\mathrm{DIC}$. For Model~II, the full dataset gives $Δ\\mathrm{AIC}_c=4.233$ and $Δ\\mathrm{DIC}=5.971$, favoring the $Λ$CDM baseline. At the perturbation level, both models exhibit stable growth histories compatible with large-scale structure observations. The models predict transitions in the late-time expansion dynamics at $z\\approx0.5005$ and $z\\approx0.6086$ for Models~I and II, respectively, highlighting differences in their cosmological evolution.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.16037",
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Praveen Kumar Dhankar"
    },
    {
      "name": "Munyeshyaka Albert"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mohit Thakre"
    },
    {
      "name": "Joseph Ntahompagaze"
    },
    {
      "name": "Safiqul Islam"
    },
    {
      "name": "Farook Rahaman"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kayptrw7skck.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.16037",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "1kayptrw7skck",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16037",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.16037",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-11",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kayptrw7skck.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:41Z",
      "native_id": "2609.16037",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16037"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.gen-ph",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Observational Constraints and Cosmic Growth Index of Realistic $f(G)$ Gravity Frameworks using MCMC Analysis",
  "title_text": "Observational Constraints and Cosmic Growth Index of Realistic f(G) Gravity Frameworks using MCMC Analysis",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kayptrw7skck",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}