{
  "abstract": "Joint elastic and piezoelectric tailoring can recruit non-torsional actuator resultants to assist twist, but this assistance restricts deformation purity. For symmetric positive-definite stiffness, the classical three-vector Gram inequality yields a sharp participation–purity bound: when no generalized force opposes twist, energy-metric purity cannot exceed the ratio of relaxed to blocked torsional stiffness. A closed torque-share threshold quantifies cancellation above this ceiling on the positive-torque branch. Extension–bending and shear–torsion block contributions are invariant under the stated physical reference changes, separating elastic-coupling assistance from shear-center relabeling. Exact conic and linear-programming voltage allocations remove voltage-pattern bias from structural comparisons. In a piezocomposite-box benchmark, the best attained uniform-wall joint gain is 10.53% at 20% axial/flexural floors and a retained torsional-stiffness floor, while a fixed representative’s purity frontier follows the predicted cancellation threshold. At fixed material volume, host redistribution and host-angle tailoring dominate the additional gain; tested constructive and near-symmetric candidates give framed-shell gains of 26.75–31.45%, with a 1.83% section-model increment from actuator-angle freedom beyond the thickness/host result at the selected ratio. Laminate-shell and published passive sectional-matrix comparisons delimit the applicability of the sectional predictions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "National Key Laboratory of Helicopter Aeromechanics, Helicopter Research Institute, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiao Wang",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1986-8101"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shuai Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wendi Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lina Shang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kfzyd9j09cds.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/math14214019",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "1kfzyd9j09cds",
  "issns": [
    "2227-7390"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/14/21/4019",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-03",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kfzyd9j09cds.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T00:23:28Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/math14214019",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/14/21/4019"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "mathematics",
      "origin": "issn:2227-7390",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Joint Elastic and Piezoelectric Tailoring of Composite Box Beams: Constructive Force Participation and Limits of Pure Twist",
  "title_text": "Joint Elastic and Piezoelectric Tailoring of Composite Box Beams: Constructive Force Participation and Limits of Pure Twist",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T00:20:49Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kfzyd9j09cds",
  "venue": "Mathematics",
  "versions": []
}