{
  "abstract": "Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a KSHV/HHV-8-driven vascular neoplasm with heterogeneous HIV-negative epidemiological settings. Immune-checkpoint blockade is biologically plausible, but direct clinical evidence remains limited to a small, non-comparative phase II cohort of pembrolizumab in classic or endemic KS. Its 71% best objective response rate is a signal that warrants confirmation, not comparative evidence or a basis for biomarker-guided treatment. This narrative review distinguishes established clinical observations from candidate translational hypotheses, appraises analytical and biological limitations of proposed markers, and outlines requirements for prospective subtype-stratified validation. PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden, and KSHV DNA should not be used as stand-alone selection or exclusion tests in routine care.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital",
    "School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yang Song"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yan Fang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lin Zeng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hua Guan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1km6h18c9n227.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1979969",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13720680/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "1km6h18c9n227",
  "issns": [
    "1664-3224"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1979969/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Review"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|Viral-associated cancers and disorders"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222443368",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1979969/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13720680",
  "pmid": "42964809",
  "published": "2026-10-16",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1km6h18c9n227.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:17Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1979969",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1979969/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:36Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13720680",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13720680"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:21:31Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13720680",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1979969"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|Viral-associated cancers and disorders",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Immune-checkpoint blockade and candidate predictive biomarkers in HIV-negative Kaposi sarcoma: current evidence and a practical research framework",
  "title_text": "Immune-checkpoint blockade and candidate predictive biomarkers in HIV-negative Kaposi sarcoma: current evidence and a practical research framework",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:21:31Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1km6h18c9n227",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Immunology",
  "versions": []
}