{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nDeveloping peripheral blood-based diagnostic models for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD), particularly those leveraging the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, has long been considered infeasible because patient-derived TCRs appear to lack convergent sequence motifs. We reasoned that this apparent absence of shared TCR features likely reflects both insufficient sample sizes and unaccounted immune heterogeneity within the iPD population.Methods\n\nWe reconstructed TCR repertoires from the two largest iPD cohorts currently available, anchoring them with three mechanistically distinct mouse models to stratify patients into model-anchored informed subtypes. Within these data-driven subtypes, we trained subtype-specific, multimodal multi-instance classifiers.Results\n\nWe demonstrated that iPD patients can be successfully stratified into model-anchored informed subtypes. Furthermore, the trained subtype-specific, multimodal multi-instance classifiers achieved an Area Under Curve (AUC) exceeding 0.8 for both subtypes.Conclusions\n\nOur findings underscore the critical role of disease stratification in enabling TCR repertoire-based modeling in neurodegenerative diseases.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.",
    "Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. xianxia@njmu.edu.cn.",
    "School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. xianxia@njmu.edu.cn.",
    "School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.",
    "Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.",
    "Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. ghu@njmu.edu.cn."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiayu Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xian Xia"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yuruo Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoge Tong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yue Liang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiangding Fan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Qinghao Meng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yihong Wei"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Gang Hu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kphz85tsj6x3.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s13073-026-01776-x",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13689350",
  "id": "1kphz85tsj6x3",
  "issns": [
    "1756-994X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42907884",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "QH426-470"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2728|Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214761559",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13689350?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13689350",
  "pmid": "42907884",
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kphz85tsj6x3.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:57Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42907884",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42907884"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:46:14Z",
      "native_id": "d9196f129a954d29b5855ada07bc7e3c",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-026-01776-x"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2728|Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Cross-species molecular stratification enables T cell receptor diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.",
  "title_text": "Cross-species molecular stratification enables T cell receptor diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:46:14Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kphz85tsj6x3",
  "venue": "Genome medicine",
  "versions": []
}