{
  "abstract": "BackgroundEvidence for Janus kinase (JAK) inhibition in severe or difficult-to-control drug eruptions remains limited, particularly regarding early response kinetics and corticosteroid reduction.MethodsThis single-center retrospective observational case series included nine hospitalized patients with extensive or difficult-to-control drug eruptions treated with adjunctive oral JAK inhibitors between March 2023 and January 2026. Cases 1–7 formed a rescue treatment subgroup because active progression persisted after at least 48 h of systemic corticosteroids. The primary outcome was the first documented absence of new lesions within 72 h. Secondary outcomes included serial changes in Worst Itch Numerical Rating Scale (WI-NRS) and body surface area (BSA), time to corticosteroid reduction, recurrence, and safety. Within-patient changes were assessed using Friedman tests, with exact Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Holm correction for post hoc comparisons.ResultsThe rescue subgroup received systemic corticosteroids for a median of 72 h before JAK inhibitor initiation (IQR, 48–96 h). New lesions were first documented as absent within 24 h in 6/7 patients and within 48 h in all seven. All seven began corticosteroid reduction within 96 h (median, 48 h). Across all nine patients, median WI-NRS decreased from 6 at baseline to 1 at 72 h [Friedman χ2(4) = 35.04, P < 0.001; Kendall's W = 0.973], and all patients achieved a reduction of at least 3 points. Median BSA decreased from 55% at baseline to 30% at day 3 and 10% by day 7 or discharge [Friedman χ2(2) = 18.00, P < 0.001; Kendall's W = 1.000]. Two herpes simplex-related events occurred during combined immunosuppression.ConclusionAdjunctive oral JAK inhibitors were associated with rapid control of new-lesion formation, substantial improvement in pruritus and cutaneous involvement, and early corticosteroid reduction. These findings support JAK inhibition as a promising rescue or steroid-sparing option for selected difficult-to-control drug eruptions and warrant prospective controlled evaluation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "epartment of Dermatology, Shenzhen Nanshan People’s Hospital/Affiliated Nanshan Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yunkai Zhu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xia Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yuhang Huang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ming Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lixian Lin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jinsheng Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Peiyi Feng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yuan Lu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoming Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Bao Chai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Peng Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kx9ahkc02g2w.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fmed.2026.1947886",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1947886/full",
  "id": "1kx9ahkc02g2w",
  "issns": [
    "2296-858X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1947886",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "R5-920"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2736|Drug-Induced Adverse Reactions"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223681680",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1947886/pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media S.A.",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kx9ahkc02g2w.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:47:19Z",
      "native_id": "414fc979de6a4ca7a82ba78c516733bf",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1947886"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2736|Drug-Induced Adverse Reactions",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Efficacy of adjunctive oral Janus kinase inhibitors in hospitalized patients with extensive or difficult-to-control drug eruptions: a retrospective observational case series",
  "title_text": "Efficacy of adjunctive oral Janus kinase inhibitors in hospitalized patients with extensive or difficult-to-control drug eruptions: a retrospective observational case series",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:47:19Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1kx9ahkc02g2w",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Medicine",
  "versions": []
}