{
  "abstract": "Purpose: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the initiation and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Herein, we evaluated the tumor tissue heterogeneity uptake of a CD163+ PET tracer, [64Cu]-ICT-01, and compared it with [18F]-FDG using kinetic modeling and radiomics analysis in a mouse oral carcinoma 1 (MOC1) HNSCC mouse model. Methods: MOC1 cells were implanted on the flanks of four C57BL/6 mice. At 3 weeks post tumor implantation, these mice underwent a 60 min dynamic scan post-injection of [18F]-FDG and then another 60 min dynamic scan the next day post-injection of [64Cu]-ICT-01. Nine tumor volumes were delineated using a region-growing algorithm, which were further divided into tissue volumes based on tracer uptake using k-means clustering. Kinetic modeling was performed using compartmental models and graphical Logan/Patlak. Standardized uptake value (SUV) PET images were generated using time windows of 1-10 min and 45- 60 min. A total of 91 textural radiomic features were obtained using Pyradiomics, and key features were selected using the coefficient of variance (CV). Results:k-means clustering identified three distinct tissue uptakes for [64Cu]-ICT-01, and only two tissues with high and low uptakes for [18F]-FDG. The 2TC4K and Logan models were found to be suitable models for modeling the kinetics of [64Cu]-ICT-01. [18F]-FDG generally yielded greater variances in quantitative parameters across tissues within the tumors than those of [64Cu]-ICT-01, except for K1. However, greater variances in radiomic features were obtained for [64Cu]-ICT-01 than for [18F]-FDG. [64Cu]-ICT-01 also yielded six more features with CV > 0.7 compared to [18F]-FDG. Conclusion: [64Cu]-ICT-01 showed greater differences in uptake kinetics and textural information, while [18F]-FDG provided greater differences in quantitative values across the tissues within the tumor. [64Cu]-ICT-01 and [18F]-FDG showed the heterogeneous nature of the tumor microenvironment, and their combination would enable us to understand the tumor biology and hence improve tumor diagnosis.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ying-Hwey Nai",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6634-8785"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Gyu Seong Heo",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6200-4742"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Priscella Madrid"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Deborah Sultan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Richard Laforest"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Robert Gropler"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yongjian Liu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1118-1535"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1nay8c1f09g12.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1021/cbmi.6c00065",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13715349",
  "id": "1nay8c1f09g12",
  "issns": [
    "2832-3637"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42953257",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2741|Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7162856416",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13715349?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13715349",
  "pmid": "42953257",
  "published": "2026-05-30",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1nay8c1f09g12.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42953257",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42953257"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:22:41Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13715349",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/cbmi.6c00065"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2741|Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications",
      "subfield": "imaging"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Kinetic Modeling and Radiomics Analysis of the Heterogeneity of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Metabolism in Head and Neck Cancer.",
  "title_text": "Kinetic Modeling and Radiomics Analysis of the Heterogeneity of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Metabolism in Head and Neck Cancer.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:22:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/1nay8c1f09g12",
  "venue": "Chemical & biomedical imaging",
  "versions": []
}